RFC 2959
Real-Time Transport Protocol Management Information Base
RFC 2959: Real-Time Transport Protocol Management Information Base 🎀
Okay bestie, let's get into this one 💖 It's a Standards Track doc from the Network Working Group, dated October 2000. The authors are M. Baugher and B. Strahm from Intel Corp., plus I. Suconick from VideoServer Corp. ✨ The title block doesn't say it obsoletes or updates anything, so it's a fresh start 🌸
Status of this Memo 🧚
This doc is an Internet standards track protocol spec for the Internet community, and it's basically asking for your thoughts and suggestions to make it better 🫶 For the official standardization state and status, check the current edition of "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1). Distribution of this memo is unlimited 🦋
Copyright Notice 💜
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract ✨
This memo defines a chunk of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols across the Internet community. It's specifically about objects for managing Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) systems (RFC1889) 🎀
Table of Contents 🌈
1. The Network Management Framework ............................. 2
2. Overview ..................................................... 3
2.1 Components .................................................. 3
2.2 Applicability of the MIB to RTP System Implementations ...... 4
2.3 The Structure of the RTP MIB ................................ 4
3 Definitions ................................................... 5
4. Security Considerations ...................................... 26
5. Acknowledgements ............................................. 27
6. Intellectual Property ........................................ 27
7. References ................................................... 28
8. Authors' Addresses ........................................... 30
9. Full Copyright Statement ..................................... 311. The SNMP Management Framework 💅
The SNMP Management Framework is currently made up of five major components 👑
- An overall architecture, described in RFC 2571 [RFC2571].
- Mechanisms for describing and naming objects and events for management purposes. The first version of this Structure of Management Information (SMI) is called SMIv1 and is described in STD 16, RFC 1155 [RFC1155], STD 16, RFC 1212 [RFC1212] and RFC 1215 [RFC1215]. The second version, called SMIv2, is described in STD 58, RFC 2578 [RFC2578], RFC 2579 [RFC2579] and RFC 2580 [RFC2580].
- Message protocols for transferring management information. The first version of the SNMP message protocol is called SNMPv1 and is described in STD 15, RFC 1157 [RFC1157]. A second version, SNMPv2c, which is not an Internet standards track protocol, is described in RFC 1901 [RFC1901] and RFC 1906 [RFC1906]. The third version of the message protocol is called SNMPv3 and is described in RFC 1906 [RFC1906], RFC 2572 [RFC2572] and RFC 2574 [RFC2574].
- Protocol operations for accessing management information. The first set of protocol operations and associated PDU formats is described in STD 15, RFC 1157 [RFC1157]. A second set is described in RFC 1905 [RFC1905].
- A set of fundamental applications described in RFC 2573 [RFC2573], plus the view-based access control mechanism described in RFC 2575 [RFC2575].
A more detailed intro to the current SNMP Management Framework lives in RFC 2570 [RFC2570] 📚
Managed objects are accessed through a virtual information store called the Management Information Base, or MIB 🧠 Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms in the SMI.
This memo specifies a MIB module that is compliant to SMIv2 🎀 A MIB that conforms to SMIv1 can be produced through the appropriate translations. The resulting translated MIB must be semantically equivalent, except where objects or events are omitted because no translation is possible (use of Counter64). Some machine readable information in SMIv2 gets turned into textual descriptions in SMIv1 during translation. However, losing that machine readable information is not considered to change the semantics of the MIB 🙈
2. Overview 🦋
An "RTP System" can be a host end-system that runs an application program sending or receiving RTP data packets, or it can be an intermediate-system that forwards RTP packets 💖 RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) packets are sent by senders and receivers to convey information about RTP packet transmission and reception [RFC1889]. RTP monitors may collect RTCP information on senders and receivers to and from an RTP host or intermediate-system 👀
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 🔥
2.1 Components 🌸
The RTP MIB is built around three conceptual abstractions: "Session," "Receiver" and "Sender" 🧚
2.1.1 An "RTP Session" is the "...association of participants communicating with RTP. For each participant, the session is defined by a particular pair of destination transport addresses (one network address plus a port pair for RTP and RTCP). The destination transport addresses may be common for all participants, as in the case of IP multicast, or may be different for each, as in the case of individual unicast addresses plus a common port pair," as defined in section 3 of [RFC1889]. Main character energy 👑
2.1.2 A "Sender" is identified within an RTP session by a 32-bit numeric "Synchronization Source," or "SSRC", value, and is "...the source of a stream of RTP packets" as defined in section 3 of [RFC1889]. The sender is also a source of RTCP Sender Report packets as specified in section 6 of [RFC1889] 💅
2.1.3 A "Receiver" of a "stream of RTP packets" can be a unicast or multicast Receiver as described in 2.1.1, above. An RTP Receiver has an SSRC value that is unique to the session. An RTP Receiver is also a source of RTCP Receiver Reports as specified in section 6 of [RFC1889] 🫶
2.2 Applicability of the MIB to RTP System Implementations 🌈
The RTP MIB may be used in two types of RTP implementations: RTP Host Systems (end systems) and RTP Monitors, see section 3 of [RFC1889]. Using the RTP MIB for RTP Translators and Mixers, as defined in section 7 of [RFC1889], is for further study 🔮
2.2.1 RTP host Systems are end-systems that may use the RTP MIB to collect RTP session and stream data that the host is sending or receiving. A network manager can use this data to detect and diagnose faults that happen over the lifetime of an RTP session, like a "help-desk" scenario 🎀
2.2.2 RTP Monitors of multicast RTP sessions may be third-party or may be located in the RTP host. RTP Monitors may use the RTP MIB to collect RTP session and stream statistical data, and a network manager can use that for capacity planning and other network-management purposes. An RTP Monitor may also use the RTP MIB to collect data so a network manager can detect and diagnose faults in RTP sessions, or configure its operation ⭐
2.2.3 Lots of host systems will want to keep track of streams beyond what they're sending and receiving. In a host monitor system, a host agent uses RTP data from the host to maintain data about the streams it sends and receives, and RTCP data to collect data about other hosts in the session. For example, an agent for an RTP host that is sending a stream would use data from its RTP system to maintain the rtpSenderTable, but it may want to maintain an rtpRcvrTable for endpoints receiving its stream. To do this, the RTP agent collects RTCP data from the receivers of its stream to build the rtpRcvrTable. A host monitor system MUST set the rtpSessionMonitor object to 'true(1)', but it does not have to accept management operations that create and destroy rows in its rtpSessionTable 🧚
2.3 The Structure of the RTP MIB 💖
There are six tables in the RTP MIB. The rtpSessionTable holds objects describing active sessions at the host or monitor. The rtpSenderTable holds information about senders to the RTP session. The rtpRcvrTable holds information about receivers of RTP session data. The rtpSessionInverseTable, rtpSenderInverseTable, and rtpRcvrInverseTable hold information for efficiently finding indexes into the rtpSessionTable, rtpSenderTable, and rtpRcvrTable, respectively 🦋
The reverse lookup tables (rtpSessionInverseTable, rtpSenderInverseTable, and rtpRcvrInverseTable) are optional tables that help management applications access conceptual rows in other tables efficiently. Implementors of this MIB SHOULD implement these tables for multicast RTP sessions when table indexes (rtpSessionIndex of rtpSessionTable, rtpSenderSSRC of rtpSenderTable, and the SSRC pair in the rtpRcvrTable) are not available from other MIBs. Otherwise, the management application may be forced to do expensive tree walks through large numbers of sessions, senders, or receivers 🙈
For any particular RTP session, the rtpSessionMonitor object indicates whether remote senders or receivers to the RTP session are to be monitored. If rtpSessionMonitor is true(1), then senders and receivers to the session MUST be monitored with entries in the rtpSenderTable and rtpRcvrTable. RTP sessions are monitored by the RTP agent, which updates rtpSenderTable and rtpRcvrTable objects with information from RTCP reports from remote senders or remote receivers respectively 🌈
rtpSessionNewIndex is a global object that lets a network-management application get a unique index for conceptual row creation in the rtpSessionTable. This way, the SNMP Set operation MAY be used to configure a monitor 🔥
3. Definitions 🎀
The MIB module begins with the imports below, which pull in definitions from other modules 💅
RTP-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
Counter32, Counter64, Gauge32, mib-2, Integer32,
MODULE-IDENTITY,
OBJECT-TYPE, Unsigned32 FROM SNMPv2-SMI
RowStatus, TAddress,
TDomain, TestAndIncr,
TimeStamp, TruthValue FROM SNMPv2-TC
OBJECT-GROUP, MODULE-COMPLIANCE FROM SNMPv2-CONF
Utf8String FROM SYSAPPL-MIB
InterfaceIndex FROM IF-MIB;okay bestie, the MIB module info is here 💖 It's basically the ID card for the whole thing 🪪
rtpMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "200010020000Z" -- 2 October 2000
ORGANIZATION
"IETF AVT Working Group
Email: rem-conf@es.net"
CONTACT-INFO
"Mark Baugher
Postal: Intel Corporation
2111 NE 25th Avenue
Hillsboro, OR 97124
United States
Tel: +1 503 466 8406
Email: mbaugher@passedge.com
Bill Strahm
Postal: Intel Corporation
2111 NE 25th Avenue
Hillsboro, OR 97124
United States
Tel: +1 503 264 4632
Email: bill.strahm@intel.com
Irina Suconick
Postal: Ennovate Networks
60 Codman Hill Rd.,
Boxboro, Ma 01719
Tel: +1 781-505-2155
Email: irina@ennovatenetworks.com"
DESCRIPTION
"The managed objects of RTP systems. The MIB is
structured around three types of information.
1. General information about RTP sessions such
as the session address.
2. Information about RTP streams being sent to
an RTP session by a particular sender.
3. Information about RTP streams received on an
RTP session by a particular receiver from a
particular sender.
There are two types of RTP Systems, RTP hosts and
RTP monitors. As described below, certain objects
are unique to a particular type of RTP System. An
RTP host may also function as an RTP monitor.
Refer to RFC 1889, 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for
Real-Time Applications,' section 3.0, for definitions."
REVISION "200010020000Z" -- 2 October 2000
DESCRIPTION "Initial version of this MIB.
Published as RFC 2959."
::= { mib-2 87 }
--
-- OBJECTS
--
rtpMIBObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { rtpMIB 1 }
rtpConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { rtpMIB 2 }
--
-- SESSION NEW INDEX
--
rtpSessionNewIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TestAndIncr
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object is used to assign values to rtpSessionIndex
as described in 'Textual Conventions for SMIv2'. For an RTP
system that supports the creation of rows, the network manager
would read the object, and then write the value back in
the Set that creates a new instance of rtpSessionEntry. If
the Set fails with the code 'inconsistentValue,' then the
process must be repeated; If the Set succeeds, then the object
is incremented, and the new instance is created according to
the manager's directions. However, if the RTP agent is not
acting as a monitor, only the RTP agent may create conceptual
rows in the RTP session table."
::= { rtpMIBObjects 1 }
--
-- SESSION INVERSE TABLE
--
rtpSessionInverseTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF RtpSessionInverseEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Maps rtpSessionDomain, rtpSessionRemAddr, and rtpSessionLocAddr
TAddress pairs to one or more rtpSessionIndex values, each
describing a row in the rtpSessionTable. This makes it possible
to retrieve the row(s) in the rtpSessionTable corresponding to a
given session without having to walk the entire (potentially
large) table."
::= { rtpMIBObjects 2 }
rtpSessionInverseEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RtpSessionInverseEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Each entry corresponds to exactly one entry in the
rtpSessionTable - the entry containing the tuple,
rtpSessionDomain, rtpSessionRemAddr, rtpSessionLocAddr
and rtpSessionIndex."
INDEX { rtpSessionDomain, rtpSessionRemAddr, rtpSessionLocAddr,
rtpSessionIndex }
::= { rtpSessionInverseTable 1 }
RtpSessionInverseEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
rtpSessionInverseStartTime TimeStamp
}
rtpSessionInverseStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of SysUpTime at the time that this row was
created."
::= { rtpSessionInverseEntry 1 }ok the session table is next and it's where the real drama lives 🎀
--
-- SESSION TABLE
--
rtpSessionTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF RtpSessionEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"There's one entry in rtpSessionTable for each RTP session
on which packets are being sent, received, and/or
monitored."
::= { rtpMIBObjects 3 }
rtpSessionEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RtpSessionEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Data in rtpSessionTable uniquely identify an RTP session. A
host RTP agent MUST create a read-only row for each session to
which packets are being sent or received. Rows MUST be created
by the RTP Agent at the start of a session when one or more
senders or receivers are observed. Rows created by an RTP agent
MUST be deleted when the session is over and there are no
rtpRcvrEntry and no rtpSenderEntry for this session. An RTP
session SHOULD be monitored to create management information on
all RTP streams being sent or received when the
rtpSessionMonitor has the TruthValue of 'true(1)'. An RTP
monitor SHOULD permit row creation with the side effect of
causing the RTP System to join the multicast session for the
purposes of gathering management information (additional
conceptual rows are created in the rtpRcvrTable and
rtpSenderTable). Thus, rtpSessionTable rows SHOULD be created
for RTP session monitoring purposes. Rows created by a
management application SHOULD be deleted via SNMP operations by
management applications. Rows created by management operations
are deleted by management operations by setting
rtpSessionRowStatus to 'destroy(6)'."
INDEX { rtpSessionIndex }
::= { rtpSessionTable 1 }
RtpSessionEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
rtpSessionIndex Integer32,
rtpSessionDomain TDomain,
rtpSessionRemAddr TAddress,
rtpSessionLocAddr TAddress,
rtpSessionIfIndex InterfaceIndex,
rtpSessionSenderJoins Counter32,
rtpSessionReceiverJoins Counter32,
rtpSessionByes Counter32,
rtpSessionStartTime TimeStamp,
rtpSessionMonitor TruthValue,
rtpSessionRowStatus RowStatus
}
rtpSessionIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The index of the conceptual row which is for SNMP purposes
only and has no relation to any protocol value. There is
no requirement that these rows are created or maintained
sequentially."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 1 }
rtpSessionDomain OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TDomain
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The transport-layer protocol used for sending or receiving
the stream of RTP data packets on this session.
Cannot be changed if rtpSessionRowStatus is 'active'."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 2 }
rtpSessionRemAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The address to which RTP packets are sent by the RTP system.
In an IP multicast RTP session, this is the single address used
by all senders and receivers of RTP session data. In a unicast
RTP session this is the unicast address of the remote RTP system.
'The destination address pair may be common for all participants,
as in the case of IP multicast, or may be different for each, as
in the case of individual unicast network address pairs.' See
RFC 1889, 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications,'
sec. 3. The transport service is identified by rtpSessionDomain.
For snmpUDPDomain, this is an IP address and even-numbered UDP
Port with the RTCP being sent on the next higher odd-numbered
port, see RFC 1889, sec. 5."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 3 }
rtpSessionLocAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The local address used by the RTP system. In an IP multicast
RTP session, rtpSessionRemAddr will be the same IP multicast
address as rtpSessionLocAddr. In a unicast RTP session,
rtpSessionRemAddr and rtpSessionLocAddr will have different
unicast addresses. See RFC 1889, 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for
Real-Time Applications,' sec. 3. The transport service is
identified by rtpSessionDomain. For snmpUDPDomain, this is an IP
address and even-numbered UDP Port with the RTCP being sent on
the next higher odd-numbered port, see RFC 1889, sec. 5."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 4 }
rtpSessionIfIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InterfaceIndex
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The ifIndex value is set to the corresponding value
from IF-MIB (See RFC 2233, 'The Interfaces Group MIB using
SMIv2'). This is the interface that the RTP stream is being sent
to or received from, or in the case of an RTP Monitor the
interface that RTCP packets will be received on. Cannot be
changed if rtpSessionRowStatus is 'active'."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 5 }
rtpSessionSenderJoins OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of senders that have been observed to have
joined the session since this conceptual row was created
(rtpSessionStartTime). A sender 'joins' an RTP
session by sending to it. Senders that leave and then
re-join following an RTCP BYE (see RFC 1889, 'RTP: A
Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications,' sec. 6.6)
or session timeout may be counted twice. Every time a new
RTP sender is detected either using RTP or RTCP, this counter
is incremented."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 6 }
rtpSessionReceiverJoins OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of receivers that have been been observed to
have joined this session since this conceptual row was
created (rtpSessionStartTime). A receiver 'joins' an RTP
session by sending RTCP Receiver Reports to the session.
Receivers that leave and then re-join following an RTCP BYE
(see RFC 1889, 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
Applications,' sec. 6.6) or session timeout may be counted
twice."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 7 }
rtpSessionByes OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of RTCP BYE (see RFC 1889, 'RTP: A Transport
Protocol for Real-Time Applications,' sec. 6.6) messages
received by this entity."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 8 }
rtpSessionStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of SysUpTime at the time that this row was
created."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 9 }okay bestie, rtpSessionMonitor is the boolean that decides whether we're also watching remote senders and receivers with RTCP, and the default depends on whether you're a monitor or a host 👀✨
rtpSessionMonitor OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Boolean, Set to 'true(1)' if remote senders or receivers in
addition to the local RTP System are to be monitored using RTCP.
RTP Monitors MUST initialize to 'true(1)' and RTP Hosts SHOULD
initialize this 'false(2)'. Note that because 'host monitor'
systems are receiving RTCP from their remote participants they
MUST set this value to 'true(1)'."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 10 }
rtpSessionRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Value of 'active' when RTP or RTCP messages are being
sent or received by an RTP System. A newly-created
conceptual row must have the all read-create objects
initialized before becoming 'active'.
A conceptual row that is in the 'notReady' or 'notInService'
state MAY be removed after 5 minutes."
::= { rtpSessionEntry 11 }
--
-- SENDER INVERSE TABLE
--
rtpSenderInverseTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF RtpSenderInverseEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Maps rtpSenderAddr, rtpSessionIndex, to the rtpSenderSSRC
index of the rtpSenderTable. This table allows management
applications to find entries sorted by rtpSenderAddr rather than
sorted by rtpSessionIndex. Given the rtpSessionDomain and
rtpSenderAddr, a set of rtpSessionIndex and rtpSenderSSRC values
can be returned from a tree walk. When rtpSessionIndex is
specified in the SNMP Get-Next operations, one or more
rtpSenderSSRC values may be returned."
::= { rtpMIBObjects 4 }
rtpSenderInverseEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RtpSenderInverseEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Each entry corresponds to exactly one entry in the
rtpSenderTable - the entry containing the index pair,
rtpSessionIndex, rtpSenderSSRC."
INDEX { rtpSessionDomain, rtpSenderAddr, rtpSessionIndex,
rtpSenderSSRC }
::= { rtpSenderInverseTable 1 }
RtpSenderInverseEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
rtpSenderInverseStartTime TimeStamp
}
rtpSenderInverseStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of SysUpTime at the time that this row was
created."
::= { rtpSenderInverseEntry 1 }
--
-- SENDERS TABLE
--
rtpSenderTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF RtpSenderEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Table of information about a sender or senders to an RTP
Session. RTP sending hosts MUST have an entry in this table
for each stream being sent. RTP receiving hosts MAY have an
entry in this table for each sending stream being received by
this host. RTP monitors MUST create an entry for each observed
sender to a multicast RTP Session as a side-effect when a
conceptual row in the rtpSessionTable is made 'active' by a
manager."
::= { rtpMIBObjects 5 }
rtpSenderEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RtpSenderEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Each entry contains information from a single RTP Sender
Synchronization Source (SSRC, see RFC 1889 'RTP: A Transport
Protocol for Real-Time Applications' sec.6). The session is
identified to the the SNMP entity by rtpSessionIndex.
Rows are removed by the RTP agent when a BYE is received
from the sender or when the sender times out (see RFC
1889, Sec. 6.2.1) or when the rtpSessionEntry is deleted."
INDEX { rtpSessionIndex, rtpSenderSSRC }
::= { rtpSenderTable 1 }
RtpSenderEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
rtpSenderSSRC Unsigned32,
rtpSenderCNAME Utf8String,
rtpSenderAddr TAddress,
rtpSenderPackets Counter64,
rtpSenderOctets Counter64,
rtpSenderTool Utf8String,
rtpSenderSRs Counter32,
rtpSenderSRTime TimeStamp,
rtpSenderPT INTEGER,
rtpSenderStartTime TimeStamp
}
rtpSenderSSRC OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The RTP SSRC, or synchronization source identifier of the
sender. The RTP session address plus an SSRC uniquely
identify a sender to an RTP session (see RFC 1889, 'RTP: A
Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications' sec.3)."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 1 }
rtpSenderCNAME OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Utf8String
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The RTP canonical name of the sender."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 2 }
rtpSenderAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The unicast transport source address of the sender. In the
case of an RTP Monitor this address is the address that the
sender is using to send its RTCP Sender Reports."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 3 }
rtpSenderPackets OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Count of RTP packets sent by this sender, or observed by
an RTP monitor, since rtpSenderStartTime."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 4 }
rtpSenderOctets OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Count of non-header RTP octets sent by this sender, or observed
by an RTP monitor, since rtpSenderStartTime."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 5 }
rtpSenderTool OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Utf8String (SIZE(0..127))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Name of the application program source of the stream."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 6 }
rtpSenderSRs OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the number of RTCP Sender Reports that have
been sent from this sender, or observed if the RTP entity
is a monitor, since rtpSenderStartTime."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 7 }
rtpSenderSRTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"rtpSenderSRTime is the value of SysUpTime at the time that
the last SR was received from this sender, in the case of a
monitor or receiving host. Or sent by this sender, in the
case of a sending host."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 8 }
rtpSenderPT OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER (0..127)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Payload type from the RTP header of the most recently received
RTP Packet (see RFC 1889, 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for
Real-Time Applications' sec. 5)."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 9 }
rtpSenderStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of SysUpTime at the time that this row was
created."
::= { rtpSenderEntry 10 }
--
-- RECEIVER INVERSE TABLE
--
rtpRcvrInverseTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF RtpRcvrInverseEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Maps rtpRcvrAddr and rtpSessionIndex to the rtpRcvrSRCSSRC and
rtpRcvrSSRC indexes of the rtpRcvrTable. This table allows
management applications to find entries sorted by rtpRcvrAddr
rather than by rtpSessionIndex. Given rtpSessionDomain and
rtpRcvrAddr, a set of rtpSessionIndex, rtpRcvrSRCSSRC, and
rtpRcvrSSRC values can be returned from a tree walk. When
rtpSessionIndex is specified in SNMP Get-Next operations, one or
more rtpRcvrSRCSSRC and rtpRcvrSSRC pairs may be returned."
::= { rtpMIBObjects 6 }
rtpRcvrInverseEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RtpRcvrInverseEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Each entry corresponds to exactly one entry in the
rtpRcvrTable - the entry containing the index pair,
rtpSessionIndex, rtpRcvrSSRC."
INDEX { rtpSessionDomain, rtpRcvrAddr, rtpSessionIndex,
rtpRcvrSRCSSRC, rtpRcvrSSRC }
::= { rtpRcvrInverseTable 1 }
RtpRcvrInverseEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
rtpRcvrInverseStartTime TimeStamp
}
rtpRcvrInverseStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of SysUpTime at the time that this row was
created."
::= { rtpRcvrInverseEntry 1 }
--
-- RECEIVERS TABLE
--
rtpRcvrTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF RtpRcvrEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Table of information about a receiver or receivers of RTP
session data. RTP hosts that receive RTP session packets
MUST create an entry in this table for that receiver/sender
pair. RTP hosts that send RTP session packets MAY create
an entry in this table for each receiver to their stream
using RTCP feedback from the RTP group. RTP monitors
create an entry for each observed RTP session receiver as
a side effect when a conceptual row in the rtpSessionTable
is made 'active' by a manager."
::= { rtpMIBObjects 7 }
rtpRcvrEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RtpRcvrEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Each entry contains information from a single RTP
Synchronization Source that is receiving packets from the
sender identified by rtpRcvrSRCSSRC (SSRC, see RFC 1889,
'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications'
sec.6). The session is identified to the the RTP Agent entity
by rtpSessionIndex. Rows are removed by the RTP agent when
a BYE is received from the sender or when the sender times
out (see RFC 1889, Sec. 6.2.1) or when the rtpSessionEntry is
deleted."
INDEX { rtpSessionIndex, rtpRcvrSRCSSRC, rtpRcvrSSRC }
::= { rtpRcvrTable 1 }
RtpRcvrEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
rtpRcvrSRCSSRC Unsigned32,
rtpRcvrSSRC Unsigned32,
rtpRcvrCNAME Utf8String,
rtpRcvrAddr TAddress,
rtpRcvrRTT Gauge32,
rtpRcvrLostPackets Counter64,
rtpRcvrJitter Gauge32,
rtpRcvrTool Utf8String,
rtpRcvrRRs Counter32,
rtpRcvrRRTime TimeStamp,
rtpRcvrPT INTEGER,
rtpRcvrPackets Counter64,
rtpRcvrOctets Counter64,
rtpRcvrStartTime TimeStamp
}
rtpRcvrSRCSSRC OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The RTP SSRC, or synchronization source identifier of the
sender. The RTP session address plus an SSRC uniquely
identify a sender or receiver of an RTP stream (see RFC
1889, 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
Applications' sec.3)."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 1 }the sender and receiver tables are where the RTP session gets its main character energy 💅 we've got the inverse tables for looking things up by address, the sender table for per-stream counters, and the receiver table for who's listening 🎀
the big thing to remember: rtpSessionMonitor defaults depend on your role, and rows get cleaned up when a BYE shows up or the sender times out 🧚
🎀 Receiver Table Bits (Part 4) 🎀
okay so the receiver objects are where it gets really cute, bestie 💖 Each one is a read-only peek at one receiver, and rtpRcvrSSRC is the key that tells you which receiver you're looking at 🔑
rtpRcvrSSRC OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The RTP SSRC, or synchronization source identifier of the
receiver. The RTP session address plus an SSRC uniquely
identify a receiver of an RTP stream (see RFC 1889, 'RTP:
A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications' sec.3)."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 2 }
rtpRcvrCNAME OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Utf8String
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The RTP canonical name of the receiver."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 3 }
rtpRcvrAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The unicast transport address on which the receiver is
receiving RTP packets and/or RTCP Receiver Reports."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 4 }
rtpRcvrRTT OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Gauge32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The round trip time measurement taken by the source of the
RTP stream based on the algorithm described on sec. 6 of
RFC 1889, 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
Applications.' This algorithm can produce meaningful
results when the RTP agent has the same clock as the stream
sender (when the RTP monitor is also the sending host for the
particular receiver). Otherwise, the entity should return
'noSuchInstance' in response to queries against rtpRcvrRTT."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 5 }
rtpRcvrLostPackets OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of RTP packets lost as observed by this receiver
since rtpRcvrStartTime."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 6 }
rtpRcvrJitter OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Gauge32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An estimate of delay variation as observed by this
receiver. (see RFC 1889, 'RTP: A Transport Protocol
for Real-Time Applications' sec.6.3.1 and A.8)."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 7 }
rtpRcvrTool OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Utf8String (SIZE(0..127))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Name of the application program source of the stream."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 8 }
rtpRcvrRRs OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the number of RTCP Receiver Reports that have
been sent from this receiver, or observed if the RTP entity
is a monitor, since rtpRcvrStartTime."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 9 }
rtpRcvrRRTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"rtpRcvrRRTime is the value of SysUpTime at the time that the
last RTCP Receiver Report was received from this receiver, in
the case of a monitor or RR receiver (the RTP Sender). It is
the value of SysUpTime at the time that the last RR was sent by
this receiver in the case of an RTP receiver sending the RR."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 10 }
rtpRcvrPT OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER (0..127)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Static or dynamic payload type from the RTP header (see
RFC 1889, 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
Applications' sec. 5)."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 11 }
rtpRcvrPackets OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Count of RTP packets received by this RTP host receiver
since rtpRcvrStartTime."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 12 }
rtpRcvrOctets OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Count of non-header RTP octets received by this receiving RTP
host since rtpRcvrStartTime."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 13 }
rtpRcvrStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of SysUpTime at the time that this row was
created."
::= { rtpRcvrEntry 14 }🧩 MODULE GROUPS 🧩
okay so this bit sorts every object into buckets, and the buckets are the vibe 💅 There are two kinds of RTP systems, hosts and monitors, which gives you three flavours of object: the ones both share, the ones only hosts get, and the ones only monitors get. Then there's a fourth bucket for the objects that multicast hosts and monitors should be carrying too 🦋
--
-- MODULE GROUPS
--
--
-- There are two types of RTP Systems, RTP hosts and RTP Monitors.
-- Thus there are three kinds of objects: 1) Objects common to both
-- kinds of systems, 2) Objects unique to RTP Hosts and 3) Objects
-- unique to RTP Monitors. There is a fourth group, 4) Objects that
-- SHOULD be implemented by Multicast hosts and RTP Monitors
rtpGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { rtpConformance 1 }
rtpSystemGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
rtpSessionDomain,
rtpSessionRemAddr,
rtpSessionIfIndex,
rtpSessionSenderJoins,
rtpSessionReceiverJoins,
rtpSessionStartTime,
rtpSessionByes,
rtpSessionMonitor,
rtpSenderCNAME,
rtpSenderAddr,
rtpSenderPackets,
rtpSenderOctets,
rtpSenderTool,
rtpSenderSRs,
rtpSenderSRTime,
rtpSenderStartTime,
rtpRcvrCNAME,
rtpRcvrAddr,
rtpRcvrLostPackets,
rtpRcvrJitter,
rtpRcvrTool,
rtpRcvrRRs,
rtpRcvrRRTime,
rtpRcvrStartTime
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Objects available to all RTP Systems."
::= { rtpGroups 1 }
rtpHostGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
rtpSessionLocAddr,
rtpSenderPT,
rtpRcvrPT,
rtpRcvrRTT,
rtpRcvrOctets,
rtpRcvrPackets
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Objects that are available to RTP Host systems, but may not
be available to RTP Monitor systems."
::= { rtpGroups 2 }
rtpMonitorGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
rtpSessionNewIndex,
rtpSessionRowStatus
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Objects used to create rows in the RTP Session Table. These
objects are not needed if the system does not create rows."
::= { rtpGroups 3 }
rtpInverseGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
rtpSessionInverseStartTime,
rtpSenderInverseStartTime,
rtpRcvrInverseStartTime
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Objects used in the Inverse Lookup Tables."
::= { rtpGroups 4 }🪄 Compliance 🪄
and now the compliance bit, which is basically the rulebook for who has to do what 📜 Hosts get the strictest treatment, the optional stuff gets clearly labelled as optional, and every object that's allowed to be skipped gets its own little note explaining why 🥺
--
-- Compliance
--
rtpCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { rtpConformance 2 }
rtpHostCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Host implementations MUST comply."
MODULE RTP-MIB
MANDATORY-GROUPS {
rtpSystemGroup,
rtpHostGroup
}
GROUP rtpMonitorGroup
DESCRIPTION
"Host systems my optionally support row creation and deletion.
This would allow an RTP Host system to act as an RTP Monitor."
GROUP rtpInverseGroup
DESCRIPTION
"Multicast RTP Systems SHOULD implement the optional
tables."
OBJECT rtpSessionNewIndex
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"RTP system implementations support of
row creation and deletion is OPTIONAL so
implementation of this object is OPTIONAL."
OBJECT rtpSessionDomain
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"RTP system implementation support of
row creation and deletion is OPTIONAL. When
it is not supported so write access is
OPTIONAL."
OBJECT rtpSessionRemAddr
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Row creation and deletion is OPTIONAL so
read-create access to this object is OPTIONAL."
OBJECT rtpSessionIfIndex
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Row creation and deletion is OPTIONAL so
read-create access to this object is OPTIONAL."
OBJECT rtpSessionRowStatus
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"Row creation and deletion is OPTIONAL so
read-create access to this object is OPTIONAL."
OBJECT rtpSessionInverseStartTime
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"Multicast RTP Systems SHOULD implement the optional
tables."
OBJECT rtpSenderInverseStartTime
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"Multicast RTP Systems SHOULD implement the optional
tables."
OBJECT rtpRcvrInverseStartTime
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"Multicast RTP Systems SHOULD implement the optional
tables."
::= { rtpCompliances 1 }That's the end of this bit, and the table is still coming up next 💜🌸
okay so the Monitor compliance statement is next, and it's giving "you don't have to do everything" energy 🧚✨
rtpMonitorCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Monitor implementations must comply. RTP Monitors are not
required to support creation or deletion."
MODULE RTP-MIB
MANDATORY-GROUPS {
rtpSystemGroup,
rtpMonitorGroup
}
GROUP rtpHostGroup
DESCRIPTION
"Monitor implementations may not have access to values in the
rtpHostGroup."
GROUP rtpInverseGroup
DESCRIPTION
"Multicast RTP Systems SHOULD implement the optional
tables."
OBJECT rtpSessionLocAddr
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"RTP monitor sourcing of RTP or RTCP data packets
is OPTIONAL and implementation of this object is
OPTIONAL."
OBJECT rtpRcvrPT
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"RTP monitor systems may not support
retrieval of the RTP Payload Type from the RTP
header (and may receive RTCP messages only). When
queried for the payload type information"
OBJECT rtpSenderPT
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"RTP monitor systems may not support
retrieval of the RTP Payload Type from the RTP
header (and may receive RTCP messages only). When
queried for the payload type information."
OBJECT rtpRcvrOctets
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"RTP monitor systems may receive only the RTCP messages
and not the RTP messages that contain the octet count
of the RTP message. Thus implementation of this
object is OPTIONAL"
OBJECT rtpRcvrPackets
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"RTP monitor systems may receive only the RTCP messages
and not the RTP messages that contain the octet count
of the RTP message. Thus implementation of this
object is OPTIONAL."
OBJECT rtpSessionIfIndex
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Row creation and deletion is OPTIONAL so
read-create access to this object is OPTIONAL."
OBJECT rtpSessionInverseStartTime
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"Multicast RTP Systems SHOULD implement the optional
tables."
OBJECT rtpSenderInverseStartTime
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"Multicast RTP Systems SHOULD implement the optional
tables."
OBJECT rtpRcvrInverseStartTime
MIN-ACCESS not-accessible
DESCRIPTION
"Multicast RTP Systems SHOULD implement the optional
tables."
::= { rtpCompliances 2 }
END4. Security Considerations 🔒
okay bestie, this part is serious, but it's not scary if we're careful 💅 most of the time a MIB isn't a security risk by itself. if SNMP security is working the way it's supposed to, looking at info about a system (or changing a setting on it) is a tool, not a threat 🛠️
BUT there are a bunch of objects in this MIB with a MAX-ACCESS of read-write and/or read-create, and those can be sensitive or vulnerable depending on the network. doing SET operations in an unsecured environment without proper protection can seriously mess with network operations, so please don't be casual about it 😭
none of the read-only objects in this MIB report a password 🙌 but some SDES [RFC1889] items, like the CNAME [RFC1889] (the canonical name), might count as sensitive depending on an enterprise's security policies. if access to these objects isn't limited by a good access control policy, an attacker could learn about a system's configuration and the services it's running. some companies treat their network and system configs, plus usage and performance info, as corporate assets, so they may want to lock down SNMP access to most of the objects in the MIB 🔐
this MIB supports read-write operations on rtpSessionNewIndex, and writing to it creates an entry in the rtpSessionTable 👀 there are also five objects in rtpSessionEntry with read-create access: rtpSessionDomain, rtpSessionRemAddr, rtpSessionIfIndex, rtpSessionRowStatus, and rtpSessionIfAddr. together they identify an RTP session to be monitored on a particular interface. their values shouldn't be changed once created, and setting them up only affects monitoring of the RTP session, not how the session runs on any host end-system. because writes to rtpSessionNewIndex and those five objects affect the monitor's operation, write access to them should be subject to the appropriate access control policy 💖
confidentiality of RTP and RTCP data packets is covered in section 9 of the RTP specification [RFC1889]. encryption can be applied to RTP packets, RTCP packets, or both. encrypting RTCP might cause problems for third-party monitors though. quoting the spec directly: "For RTCP, it is allowed to split a compound RTCP packet into two lower-layer packets, one to be encrypted and one to be sent in the clear. For example, SDES information might be encrypted while reception reports were sent in the clear to accommodate third-party monitors [RFC1889]."
SNMPv1 by itself is not a secure environment 🚨 even if the network is secure (for example, by using IPSec), there's no control over who on that secure network can access and GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects in this MIB. it's recommended that implementers consider the security features provided by the SNMPv3 framework. specifically, the User-based Security Model RFC 2574 [RFC2574] and the View-based Access Control Model RFC 2575 [RFC2575] are recommended. then it's a customer/user responsibility to make sure the SNMP entity giving access to an instance of this MIB is properly configured, so only principals (users) with legitimate rights can GET or SET (change/create/delete) those objects 🫶
5. Acknowledgements 🫶
big thank-you energy to Bert Wijnen and the folks from the ITU SG-16 management effort for their helpful comments 💜 Alan Batie and Bill Lewis from Intel also contributed hugely to the RTP MIB by reviewing a bunch of drafts and working on an SNMP RTP Monitor implementation 🙌 Stan Naudus from 3Com and John Du from Intel helped with the original RTP MIB design and co-authored the original RTP MIB draft documents, and a lot of their work is still in the current RTP MIB 🌸 finally, Bill Fenner gave solid feedback that made the final document way better ⭐
6. Intellectual Property 🦋
the IETF doesn't take a position on whether any intellectual property or other rights claimed for the technology in this document are valid or in scope, or whether any license to them is available. it also doesn't say it has tried to find any such rights. info about IETF procedures for rights in standards-track and standards-related documentation is in BCP-11 📚 claims of rights made available for publication, any assurances of licenses, or the results of attempts to get a general license or permission for implementors or users can be requested from the IETF Secretariat.
the IETF also invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents, patent applications, or other proprietary rights that might cover technology required to practice this standard. send that info to the IETF Executive Director 💌
7. References 📚
[RFC1889] Shulzrinne, H., Casner, S., Frederick, R. and V.
Jacobson, "RTP: A Transport Protocol for real-time
applications," RFC 1889, January 1996.
[RFC2571] Harrington, D., Presuhn, R. and B. Wijnen, "An
Architecture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks",
RFC 2571, April 1999.
[RFC1155] Rose, M. and K. McCloghrie, "Structure and Identification
of Management Information for TCP/IP-based Internets",
STD 16, RFC 1155, May 1990.
[RFC1212] Rose, M. and K. McCloghrie, "Concise MIB Definitions",
STD 16, RFC 1212, March 1991.
[RFC1215] Rose, M., "A Convention for Defining Traps for use with
the SNMP", RFC 1215, March 1991.
[RFC2578] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J.,
Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Structure of Management
Information Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, April
1999.
[RFC2579] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J.,
Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions for
SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2579, April 1999.
[RFC2580] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J.,
Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Conformance Statements for
SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2580, April 1999.
[RFC1157] Case, J., Fedor, M., Schoffstall, M. and J. Davin,
"Simple Network Management Protocol", STD 15, RFC 1157,
May 1990.
[RFC1901] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser,
"Introduction to Community-based SNMPv2", RFC 1901,
January 1996.
[RFC1906] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser,
"Transport Mappings for Version 2 of the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1906, January 1996.
[RFC2572] Case, J., Harrington D., Presuhn R. and B. Wijnen,
"Message Processing and Dispatching for the Simple
Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 2572, April
1999.
[RFC2574] Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model
(USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMPv3)", RFC 2574, April 1999.
[RFC1905] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser,
"Protocol Operations for Version 2 of the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1905, January 1996.
[RFC2573] Levi, D., Meyer, P. and B. Stewart, "SNMPv3
Applications", RFC 2573, April 1999.
[RFC2575] Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R. and K. McCloghrie, "View-based
Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 2575, April 1999.
[RFC2570] Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D. and B. Stewart,
"Introduction to Version 3 of the Internet-standard
Network
Management Framework", RFC 2570, April 1999.8. Authors' Addresses ✨
Meet the squad behind this one 🫶 Here are the three authors and where to find them:
Mark Baugher
Intel Corporation
2111 N.E.25th Avenue
Hillsboro, Oregon 97124
U.S.A.
EMail: mbaugher@passedge.comBill Strahm
Intel Corporation
2111 N.E.25th Avenue
Hillsboro, Oregon 97124
U.S.A.
EMail: Bill.Strahm@intel.comIrina Suconick
Ennovate Networks
60 Codman Hill Rd.,
Boxboro, Ma 01719
U.S.A.
EMail: irina@ennovatenetworks.com9. Full Copyright Statement 💅
Okay, now the legal bit, and I'm keeping this one word-for-word because it's a license and changing a single word could change what it means 📜
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved.
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English.
The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Acknowledgement 🌸
Last but not least, a big thank you to the people keeping the lights on 💖
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society. 🦋
📦 where this page comes from
- ietf: rfc2959 2000-10
- 💖 girlified by claude-haiku-5-5 on : a language model's rewrite of the original, under its terms