RFC 2940
Definitions of Managed Objects for Common Open Policy Service (COPS) Protocol Clients
RFC 2940: Definitions of Managed Objects for Common Open Policy Service (COPS) Protocol Clients 🎀
Okay bestie, first things first 💖 This is RFC 2940, Definitions of Managed Objects for Common Open Policy Service (COPS) Protocol Clients, from the Network Working Group. It came out in October 2000 and it's a Standards Track doc 🦋 The authors are A. Smith (a consultant), D. Partain (Ericsson), and J. Seligson (Nortel Networks). The header doesn't list anything it obsoletes or updates, so no drama there 💅
Status of this Memo ✨
This document is an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and it's literally asking for discussion and suggestions for improvements 🌈 If you want the standardization state and status of this protocol, check the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) 📚 Distribution of this memo is unlimited 💜
Copyright Notice 🫶
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract 🧚
So this memo defines a chunk of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP based internets. Specifically, it defines objects for managing a client of the Common Open Policy Service (COPS) protocol 🔥
It's written as a MIB module that's compliant with the SMIv2 [V2SMI] ✨
1. The SNMP Management Framework 🌸
The SNMP Management Framework currently has five major components, and honestly it's giving organized 💅
- An overall architecture, described in an Architecture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks [ARCH].
- Mechanisms for describing and naming objects and events for the purpose of management. The first version of this Structure of Management Information (SMI) is called SMIv1 and described in STD 16, RFC 1155 [V1SMI], STD 16, RFC 1212 [V1CONCISE] and RFC 1215 [V1TRAPS]. The second version, called SMIv2, is described in STD 58, RFC 2578 [V2SMI], STD 58, RFC 2579 [V2TC] and STD 58, RFC 2580 [V2CONFORM].
- Message protocols for transferring management information. The first version of the SNMP message protocol is called SNMPv1 and described in STD 15, RFC 1157 [V1PROTO]. A second version of the SNMP message protocol, which is not an Internet standards track protocol, is called SNMPv2c and described in RFC 1901 [V2COMMUNITY] and RFC 1906 [V2TRANS]. The third version of the message protocol is called SNMPv3 and described in RFC1906 [V2TRANS], Message Processing and Dispatching [V3MPC] and User-based Security Model [V3USM].
- Protocol operations for accessing management information. The first set of protocol operations and associated PDU formats is described in STD 15, RFC 1157 [V1PROTO]. A second set of protocol operations and associated PDU formats is described in RFC 1905 [V2PROTO].
- A set of fundamental applications described in SNMPv3 Applications [V3APPS] and the view-based access control mechanism described in View-based Access Control Model [V3VACM].
A more detailed introduction to the current SNMP Management Framework can be found in RFC 2570 [V3INTRO] 🦋
Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed the Management Information Base or MIB. Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the SMI 🍓
This memo specifies a MIB module that is compliant to the SMIv2. A MIB conforming to the SMIv1 can be produced through the appropriate translations. The resulting translated MIB must be semantically equivalent, except where objects or events are omitted because no translation is possible (use of Counter64). Some machine readable information in SMIv2 will be converted into textual descriptions in SMIv1 during the translation process. However, this loss of machine readable information is not considered to change the semantics of the MIB 🫶
2. Overview 🌈
The COPS protocol [COPS] is a client-server protocol intended for the communication of policy requests and decisions between a Policy Enforcement Point (PEP) and a Policy Decision Point (PDP). The PEP acts as a COPS client in this scenario. The model for policy outsourcing, of which the COPS protocol provides one part, is described in [FRAMEWORK] 💜
2.1. Scope 🎀
This MIB is intended to provide management of the important features of a COPS protocol client module. It does not provide management for a COPS server, and that is outside the scope of the current memo. It provides for monitoring of status and protocol statistics, as well as for configuration of the client, in particular for telling it where to locate its servers. Other mechanisms for achieving this function without SNMP configuration might include use of the Service Location Protocol [SRVLOC], although this is outside the scope of this memo and are not specified by the COPS protocol itself 🧚
This MIB also does not provide management of specific COPS client-types e.g., for use with the RSVP protocol [RSVP][COPSRSVP] 🌸
3. Structure of COPS Client MIB 🍓
Objects in this MIB are arranged into groups. Each group is organized as a set of related objects. The overall structure is described below ✨
3.1. copsClientCapabilitiesGroup 💖
This group contains objects that represent COPS protocol capabilities implemented by this COPS client 💅
3.2. copsClientStatusGroup 🦋
This group contains objects that indicate the current status of connection(s) to COPS servers, including per-server protocol statistics. It maintains last-known statistics for all of the servers with which the client has ever been connected since agent restart 👑
3.3. copsConfigGroup 🔥
This group contains objects that allow for configuration of COPS server addresses and the order to which connections should be attempted. It contains a table of per-server objects as well as scalars for configuration of the retry algorithm to be used by a client to obtain a connection to an appropriate server 🌈
3.4. Textual Conventions 🫶
The datatypes CopsClientState, CopsServerEntryType, CopsErrorCode, CopsTcpPort and CopsAuthType are used as textual conventions in this document. These textual conventions have NO effect on either the syntax nor the semantics of any managed object. Objects defined using these conventions are always encoded by means of the rules that define their primitive type. Hence, no changes to the SMI or the SNMP are necessary to accommodate these textual conventions, which are adopted merely for the convenience of readers 🧚
3.5. Relationship to Other MIBs 💜
3.5.1. Relationship to the 'system' group 🌸
This MIB contains definitions for a single COPS protocol client represented by a single SNMP agent and instance of the MIB-2 system group [MIB2]. It does not address the case of multiple co-located COPS protocol clients 🙈
4. Definitions for COPS Client MIB 👑
Here's the MIB module, copied exactly as written 🎀
COPS-CLIENT-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
IMPORTS
MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, Counter32, Integer32,
Unsigned32, mib-2
FROM SNMPv2-SMI
TimeStamp, TimeInterval, RowStatus, TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
FROM SNMPv2-TC
MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP
FROM SNMPv2-CONF
InetAddressType, InetAddress
FROM INET-ADDRESS-MIB;
-- REFERENCE
-- "The COPS (Common Open Policy Service) Protocol RFC 2748
copsClientMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "200009280000Z"
ORGANIZATION "IETF RSVP Admission Policy Working Group"
CONTACT-INFO
" Andrew Smith (WG co-chair)
Phone: +1 408 579 2821
Email: ah_smith@pacbell.net
Mark Stevens (WG co-chair)
Phone: +1 978 287 9102
Email: markstevens@lucent.com
Editor: Andrew Smith
Phone: +1 408 579 2821
Email: ah_smith@pacbell.net
Editor: David Partain
Phone: +46 13 28 41 44
Email: David.Partain@ericsson.com
Editor: John Seligson
Phone: +1 408 495 2992
Email: jseligso@nortelnetworks.com"
DESCRIPTION
"The COPS Client MIB module"
REVISION "200009280000Z"
DESCRIPTION "This version published as RFC 2940"
::= { mib-2 89 }
copsClientMIBObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { copsClientMIB 1 }
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
-- Textual Conventions
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
CopsClientState ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A value indicating the state of a COPS client."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
copsClientInvalid(1), -- default state.
copsClientTcpconnected(2), -- TCP connection up but COPS
-- not yet open.
copsClientAuthenticating(3), -- TCP connection up but still
-- authenticating.
copsClientSecAccepted(4), -- connection authenticated.
copsClientAccepted(5), -- COPS server accepted client.
copsClientTimingout(6) -- Keepalive timer has expired,
-- client is in process of
-- tearing down connection.
}
CopsServerEntryType ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A value indicating how a COPS server entry came into existence."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
copsServerStatic(1), -- configured by manager
copsServerRedirect(2) -- notified by COPS server
}
CopsErrorCode ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A value describing a COPS protocol error. Codes are identical
to those used by the COPS protocol itself."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
errorOther(0), -- none of the below
errorBadHandle(1),
errorInvalidHandleReference(2),
errorBadMessageFormat(3),
errorUnableToProcess(4),
errorMandatoryClientSiMissing(5),
errorUnsupportedClientType(6),
errorMandatoryCopsObjectMissing(7),
errorClientFailure(8),
errorCommunicationFailure(9),
errorUnspecified(10), -- client-type specific subcode
errorShuttingDown(11),
errorRedirectToPreferredServer(12),
errorUnknownCopsObject(13),
errorAuthenticationFailure(14),
errorAuthenticationMissing(15)
}
-- REFERENCE
-- "RFC 2748 section 2.2.8"
CopsTcpPort ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A value indicating a TCP protocol port number."
SYNTAX INTEGER (0..65535)
CopsAuthType ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A value indicating a type of security authentication mechanism."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
authNone(0),
authOther(1),
authIpSecAh(2),
authIpSecEsp(3),
authTls(4),
authCopsIntegrity(5)
}
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
copsClientCapabilitiesGroup OBJECT IDENTIFIER
::= { copsClientMIBObjects 1 }
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
--
-- Capabilities of the COPS client to connect to a COPS server:
--Okay bestie, first up is the capabilities bitmask 🎀 It's a list of the optional features a COPS client can do, and each bit is one feature 💅
copsClientCapabilities OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX BITS {
copsClientVersion1(0), -- supports version1 of COPS protocol
copsClientAuthIpSecAh(1) , -- supports IP-SEC Authentication
copsClientAuthIpSecEsp(2), -- supports IP-SEC Encryption
copsClientAuthTls(3), -- supports Transport-Layer Security
copsClientAuthInteg(4) -- supports COPS Integrity
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A list of the optional capabilities that this COPS client
supports."
::= { copsClientCapabilitiesGroup 1 }
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
copsClientStatusGroup OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { copsClientMIBObjects 2 }
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
--
-- Current status of COPS server connections, all read-only.
--
copsClientServerCurrentTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF CopsClientServerCurrentEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A table of information regarding COPS servers as seen from the
point of view of a COPS client. This table contains entries
for both statically-configured and dynamically-learned servers
(from a PDP Redirect operation). One entry exists in this table
for each COPS Client-Type served by the COPS server. In addition,
an entry will exist with copsClientServerClientType 0 (zero)
representing information about the underlying connection itself:
this is consistent with the COPS specification which reserves
this value for this purpose."
::= { copsClientStatusGroup 1 }
copsClientServerCurrentEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CopsClientServerCurrentEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A set of information regarding a single COPS server serving
a single COPS Client-Type from the point of view of a COPS
client."
INDEX { copsClientServerAddressType, copsClientServerAddress,
copsClientServerClientType }
::= { copsClientServerCurrentTable 1 }
CopsClientServerCurrentEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
copsClientServerAddressType InetAddressType,
copsClientServerAddress InetAddress,
copsClientServerClientType INTEGER,
copsClientServerTcpPort CopsTcpPort,
copsClientServerType CopsServerEntryType,
copsClientServerAuthType CopsAuthType,
copsClientServerLastConnAttempt TimeStamp,
copsClientState CopsClientState,
copsClientServerKeepaliveTime TimeInterval,
copsClientServerAccountingTime TimeInterval,
copsClientInPkts Counter32,
copsClientOutPkts Counter32,
copsClientInErrs Counter32,
copsClientLastError CopsErrorCode,
copsClientTcpConnectAttempts Counter32,
copsClientTcpConnectFailures Counter32,
copsClientOpenAttempts Counter32,
copsClientOpenFailures Counter32,
copsClientErrUnsupportClienttype Counter32,
copsClientErrUnsupportedVersion Counter32,
copsClientErrLengthMismatch Counter32,
copsClientErrUnknownOpcode Counter32,
copsClientErrUnknownCnum Counter32,
copsClientErrBadCtype Counter32,
copsClientErrBadSends Counter32,
copsClientErrWrongObjects Counter32,
copsClientErrWrongOpcode Counter32,
copsClientKaTimedoutClients Counter32,
copsClientErrAuthFailures Counter32,
copsClientErrAuthMissing Counter32
}
copsClientServerAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddressType
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The type of address in copsClientServerAddress."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 1 }
copsClientServerAddress OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddress
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The IPv4, IPv6 or DNS address of a COPS Server. Note that,
since this is an index to the table, the DNS name must be
short enough to fit into the maximum length of indices allowed
by the management protocol in use."
REFERENCE
"RFC 2748 section 2.3"
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 2 }
copsClientServerClientType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER (0..65535)
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The COPS protocol Client-Type for which this entry
applies. Multiple Client-Types can be served by a single
COPS server. The value 0 (zero) indicates that this
entry contains information about the underlying connection
itself."
REFERENCE
"RFC 2748 section 6, IANA"
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 3 }
copsClientServerTcpPort OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CopsTcpPort
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The TCP port number on the COPS server to which the
client should connect/is connected."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 4 }
copsClientServerType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CopsServerEntryType
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Indicator of the source of this COPS server information.
COPS servers may be configured by network management
into copsClientServerConfigTable and appear in this entry
with type copsServerStatic(1). Alternatively, the may be
notified from another COPS server by means of the COPS
PDP-Redirect mechanism and appear as copsServerRedirect(2)."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 5 }
copsClientServerAuthType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CopsAuthType
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Indicator of the current security mode in use between
client and this COPS server."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 6 }
copsClientServerLastConnAttempt OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Timestamp of the last time that this client attempted to
connect to this COPS server."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 7 }
copsClientState OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CopsClientState
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The state of the connection and COPS protocol with respect
to this COPS server."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 8 }
copsClientServerKeepaliveTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeInterval
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of the COPS protocol Keepalive timeout, in
centiseconds, currently in use by this client, as
specified by this COPS server in the Client-Accept operation.
A value of zero indicates no keepalive activity is expected."
REFERENCE
"RFC 2748 section 3.7, 4.4"
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 9 }
copsClientServerAccountingTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeInterval
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of the COPS protocol Accounting timeout, in
centiseconds, currently in use by this client, as specified
by the COPS server in the Client-Accept operation. A value
of zero indicates no accounting activity is to be performed."
REFERENCE
"RFC 2748 section 3.7"
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 10 }
copsClientInPkts OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from this COPS server marked for this Client-Type.
This value is cumulative since agent restart and is not zeroed
on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 11 }
copsClientOutPkts OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has sent to this COPS server marked for this Client-Type. This
value is cumulative since agent restart and is not zeroed on new
connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 12 }
copsClientInErrs OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from this COPS server marked for this Client-Type
that contained errors in syntax. This value is cumulative since
agent restart and is not zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 13 }
copsClientLastError OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CopsErrorCode
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The code contained in the last COPS protocol Error Object
received by this client from this COPS server marked for this
Client-Type. This value is not zeroed on COPS Client-Open
operations."
REFERENCE
"RFC 2748 section 2.2.8"
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 14 }
copsClientTcpConnectAttempts OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the number of times that this COPS client has tried
(successfully or otherwise) to open an TCP connection to a COPS
server. This value is cumulative since agent restart and is not
zeroed on new connections. This value is not incremented for
entries representing a non-zero Client-Type."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 15 }
copsClientTcpConnectFailures OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the number of times that this COPS client has failed
to open an TCP connection to a COPS server. This value is
cumulative since agent restart and is not zeroed on new
connections. This value is not incremented for
entries representing a non-zero Client-Type."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 16 }
copsClientOpenAttempts OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the number of times that this COPS client has tried
to perform a COPS Client-Open to a COPS server for this
Client-Type. This value is cumulative since agent restart and is
not zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 17 }
copsClientOpenFailures OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the number of times that this COPS client has failed
to perform a COPS Client-Open to a COPS server for this
Client-Type. This value is cumulative since agent restart and is
not zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 18 }
copsClientErrUnsupportClienttype OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from COPS servers that referred to Client-Types
that are unsupported by this client. This value is cumulative
since agent restart and is not zeroed on new connections. This
value is not incremented for entries representing a non-zero
Client-Type."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 19 }Okay the table stuff is SO organised 🧚 Each object gets its own number under the entry, from 1 all the way to 19 so far, and the index is the trio of address type, address, and Client-Type 💜
okay so the counters keep coming, and every one of these tracks a different way a COPS message can go wrong 💅
copsClientErrUnsupportedVersion OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from COPS servers marked for this Client-Type that
had a COPS protocol Version number that is unsupported by this
client. This value is cumulative since agent restart and is not
zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 20 }
copsClientErrLengthMismatch OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from COPS servers marked for this Client-Type that
had a COPS protocol Message Length that did not match the actual
received message. This value is cumulative since agent restart
and is not zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 21 }
copsClientErrUnknownOpcode OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from COPS servers marked for this Client-Type that
had a COPS protocol Op Code that was unrecognised by this
client. This value is cumulative since agent restart and is not
zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 22 }
copsClientErrUnknownCnum OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from COPS servers marked for this Client-Type that
contained a COPS protocol object C-Num that was unrecognised by
this client. This value is cumulative since agent restart and is
not zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 23 }
copsClientErrBadCtype OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from COPS servers marked for this Client-Type that
contained a COPS protocol object C-Type that was not defined for
the C-Nums known by this client. This value is cumulative since
agent restart and is not zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 24 }
copsClientErrBadSends OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
attempted to send to COPS servers marked for this Client-Type
that resulted in a transmit error. This value is cumulative
since agent restart and is not zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 25 }
copsClientErrWrongObjects OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from COPS servers marked for this Client-Type that
did not contain a permitted set of COPS protocol objects. This
value is cumulative since agent restart and is not zeroed on new
connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 26 }
copsClientErrWrongOpcode OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of COPS messages that this client
has received from COPS servers marked for this Client-Type that
had a COPS protocol Op Code that should not have been sent to a
COPS client e.g. Open-Requests. This value is cumulative since
agent restart and is not zeroed on new connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 27 }
copsClientKaTimedoutClients OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of times that this client has
been shut down for this Client-Type by COPS servers that had
detected a COPS protocol Keepalive timeout. This value is
cumulative since agent restart and is not zeroed on new
connections."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 28 }
copsClientErrAuthFailures OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of times that this client has
received a COPS message marked for this Client-Type which
could not be authenticated using the authentication mechanism
used by this client."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 29 }
copsClientErrAuthMissing OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A count of the total number of times that this client has
received a COPS message marked for this Client-Type which did not
contain authentication information."
::= { copsClientServerCurrentEntry 30 }
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
copsClientConfigGroup OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { copsClientMIBObjects 3 }
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
copsClientServerConfigTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF CopsClientServerConfigEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Table of possible COPS servers to try to connect to in order
of copsClientServerConfigPriority. There may be multiple
entries in this table for the same server and client-type which
specify different security mechanisms: these mechanisms will
be attempted by the client in the priority order given. Note
that a server learned by means of PDPRedirect always takes
priority over any of these configured entries."
::= { copsClientConfigGroup 1 }
copsClientServerConfigEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CopsClientServerConfigEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A set of configuration information regarding a single
COPS server from the point of view of a COPS client."
INDEX { copsClientServerConfigAddrType,
copsClientServerConfigAddress,
copsClientServerConfigClientType,
copsClientServerConfigAuthType }
::= { copsClientServerConfigTable 1 }
CopsClientServerConfigEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
copsClientServerConfigAddrType InetAddressType,
copsClientServerConfigAddress InetAddress,
copsClientServerConfigClientType INTEGER,
copsClientServerConfigAuthType CopsAuthType,
copsClientServerConfigTcpPort CopsTcpPort,
copsClientServerConfigPriority Integer32,
copsClientServerConfigRowStatus RowStatus
}
copsClientServerConfigAddrType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddressType
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The type of address in copsClientServerConfigAddress."
::= { copsClientServerConfigEntry 1 }
copsClientServerConfigAddress OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddress
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The IPv4, IPv6 or DNS address of a COPS Server. Note that,
since this is an index to the table, the DNS name must be
short enough to fit into the maximum length of indices allowed
by the management protocol in use."
REFERENCE
"RFC 2748 section 2.3"
::= { copsClientServerConfigEntry 2 }
copsClientServerConfigClientType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER (0..65535)
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The COPS protocol Client-Type for which this entry
applies and for which this COPS server is capable
of serving. Multiple Client-Types can be served by a
single COPS server."
REFERENCE
"RFC 2748 section 6, IANA"
::= { copsClientServerConfigEntry 3 }
copsClientServerConfigAuthType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CopsAuthType
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The type of authentication mechanism for this COPS client
to request when negotiating security at the start of a
connection to a COPS server."
REFERENCE
"RFC 2748 section 4."
::= { copsClientServerConfigEntry 4 }
copsClientServerConfigTcpPort OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX CopsTcpPort
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The TCP port number on the COPS server to which the
client should connect."
::= { copsClientServerConfigEntry 5 }
copsClientServerConfigPriority OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The priority of this entry relative to other entries.
COPS client will attempt to contact COPS servers for the
appropriate Client-Type. Higher numbers are tried first. The
order to be used amongst server entries with the same priority
is undefined. COPS servers that are notified to the client using
the COPS protocol PDP-Redirect mechanism are always used in
preference to any entries in this table."
::= { copsClientServerConfigEntry 6 }
copsClientServerConfigRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"State of this entry in the table."
::= { copsClientServerConfigEntry 7 }
copsClientServerConfigRetryAlgrm OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
other(1),
sequential(2),
roundRobin(3)
}
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The algorithm by which the client should retry when it
fails to connect to a COPS server."
DEFVAL { sequential }
::= { copsClientConfigGroup 2 }
copsClientServerConfigRetryCount OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A retry count for use by the retry algorithm. Each retry
algorithm needs to specify how it uses this value.
For the 'sequential(2)' algorithm, this value is the
number of times the client should retry to connect
to one COPS server before moving on to another.
For the 'roundRobin(3)' algorithm, this value is not used."
DEFVAL { 1 }
::= { copsClientConfigGroup 3 }
copsClientServerConfigRetryIntvl OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeInterval
UNITS "centi-seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A retry interval for use by the retry algorithm. Each retry
algorithm needs to specify how it uses this value.
For the 'sequential(2)' algorithm, this value is the time to
wait between retries of a connection to the same COPS server.
For the 'roundRobin(3)' algorithm, the client always attempts
to connect to each Server in turn, until one succeeds or they
all fail; if they all fail, then the client waits for the value
of this interval before restarting the algorithm."
DEFVAL { 1000 }
::= { copsClientConfigGroup 4 }
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
-- Conformance Information
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
copsClientConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { copsClientMIB 2 }
copsClientGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { copsClientConformance 1 }
copsClientCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { copsClientConformance 2 }
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
-- units of conformancecopsDeviceStatusGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
copsClientCapabilities,
copsClientServerTcpPort, copsClientServerType,
copsClientServerAuthType, copsClientServerLastConnAttempt,
copsClientState, copsClientServerKeepaliveTime,
copsClientServerAccountingTime, copsClientInPkts,
copsClientOutPkts, copsClientInErrs, copsClientLastError,
copsClientTcpConnectAttempts, copsClientTcpConnectFailures,
copsClientOpenAttempts, copsClientOpenFailures,
copsClientErrUnsupportClienttype,
copsClientErrUnsupportedVersion, copsClientErrLengthMismatch,
copsClientErrUnknownOpcode, copsClientErrUnknownCnum,
copsClientErrBadCtype, copsClientErrBadSends,
copsClientErrWrongObjects, copsClientErrWrongOpcode,
copsClientKaTimedoutClients, copsClientErrAuthFailures,
copsClientErrAuthMissing
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects for monitoring the status of
connections to COPS servers and statistics for a COPS client."
::= { copsClientGroups 1 }
copsDeviceConfigGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
copsClientServerConfigTcpPort, copsClientServerConfigPriority,
copsClientServerConfigRowStatus,
copsClientServerConfigRetryAlgrm,
copsClientServerConfigRetryCount,
copsClientServerConfigRetryIntvl
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects for configuring COPS server
information."
::= { copsClientGroups 2 }
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
-- compliance statements
-- -------------------------------------------------------------
copsClientCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The compliance statement for device support of
management of the COPS client."
MODULE
MANDATORY-GROUPS {
copsDeviceStatusGroup, copsDeviceConfigGroup
}
OBJECT copsClientServerConfigTcpPort
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Write access is required only if the device supports the
configuration of COPS server information."
OBJECT copsClientServerConfigPriority
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Write access is required only if the device supports the
configuration of COPS server information."
OBJECT copsClientServerConfigRowStatus
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Write access is required only if the device supports the
configuration of COPS server information."
OBJECT copsClientServerConfigRetryAlgrm
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Write access is required only if the device supports the
configuration of COPS server information."
OBJECT copsClientServerConfigRetryCount
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Write access is required only if the device supports the
configuration of COPS server information."
OBJECT copsClientServerConfigRetryIntvl
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Write access is required only if the device supports the
configuration of COPS server information."
::= { copsClientCompliances 1 }
END5. Acknowledgments ✨
okay bestie, this part is a shoutout 🫶 This document describes instrumentation for the client side of the COPS protocol, which was defined by the RSVP Admission Policy (rap) Working Group. That group is now known as the Resource Allocation Protocol (rap) Working Group. Main character glow-up energy 💅🌸
6. Security Considerations 🚨
okay, this section is seriously important, so listen up 👂 There are a bunch of management objects in this MIB with a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-create. These objects can be sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. Letting people SET values without proper protection in an insecure environment can hurt network operations, and that is NOT the vibe 💀
SNMPv1 on its own is not a secure environment 🙈 Even if the network itself is secure (for example, by using IPSec), there is still no control over who on that secure network is allowed to GET or SET (read, change, create, or delete) the objects in this MIB. Lowkey terrifying 😭
It is recommended that implementers consider the security features provided by the SNMPv3 framework. Specifically, the User-based Security Model [USM] and the View-based Access Control Model [VACM] are recommended. Bestie, these are your protection squad 🛡️💖
It is then a customer or user responsibility to make sure the SNMP entity that gives access to an instance of this MIB is properly configured. Access should only be given to the objects for principals (users) who have legitimate rights to GET or SET (change, create, or delete) them. Only the right people, periodt 👑
7. References 📚
- [ARCH] Harrington, D., Presuhn, R. and B. Wijnen, "An Architecture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks", RFC 2571, April 1999.
- [V1PROTO] Case, J., Fedor, M., Schoffstall, M. and J. Davin, "Simple Network Management Protocol", STD 15, RFC 1157, May 1990.
- [V1SMI] Rose, M. and K. McCloghrie, "Structure and Identification of Management Information for TCP/IP-based Internets", STD 16, RFC 1155, May 1990.
- [V1CONCISE] Rose, M. and K. McCloghrie, "Concise MIB Definitions", STD 16, RFC 1212, March 1991.
- [V1TRAPS] Rose, M., "A Convention for Defining Traps for use with the SNMP", RFC 1215, March 1991.
- [V2SMI] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, April 1999.
- [V2TC] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2579, April 1999.
- [V2CONFORM] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Conformance Statements for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2580, April 1999.
- [V2COMMUNITY] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Introduction to Community-based SNMPv2", RFC 1901, January 1996.
- [V2TRANS] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Transport Mappings for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1906, January 1996.
- [V2PROTO] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Protocol Operations for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1905, January 1996.
- [V3INTRO] Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D. and B. Stewart, "Introduction to Version 3 of the Internet-standard Network Management Framework", RFC 2570, April 1999.
- [V3MPC] Case, J., Harrington D., Presuhn R. and B. Wijnen, "Message Processing and Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 2572, April 1999.
- [V3USM] Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "The User-Based Security Model (USM) for Version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3)", RFC 2574, April 1999.
- [V3APPS] Levi, D., Meyer, P. and B. Stewart, "SNMP Applications", RFC 2573, April 1999.
- [V3VACM] Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R. and K. McCloghrie, "View-based Access Control Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 2575, April 1999.
- [MIB2] McCloghrie K. and M. Rose, "Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets", STD 17, RFC 1213, March 1991.
- [FRAMEWORK] Yavatkar, R., Pendarakis, D. and Guerin, R., "A Framework for Policy-based Admission Control", RFC 2753, January 2000.
- [COPS] Boyle, J., Cohen, R., Durham, D., Herzog, S., Rajan, R. and A. Sastry, "The COPS (Common Open Policy Service) Protocol", RFC 2748, January 2000.
- [RSVP] Braden, R. ed., Zhang, L., Berson, S., Herzog, S. and S. Jamin, "Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) Version 1 - Functional Specification", RFC 2205, September 1997.
- [COPSRSVP] Boyle, J., Cohen, R., Durham, D., Herzog, S., Rajan, R. and A. Sastry, "COPS Usage for RSVP", RFC 2749, January 2000.
- [SRVLOC] Guttman, E., Perkins, C., Veizades, J. and M. Day, "Service Location Protocol, Version 2", RFC 2608, June 1999.
- [ADDRESSMIB] Daniele, M., Haberman, B., Routhier, S. and J. Schoenwaelder, "Textual Conventions for Internet Network Addresses", RFC 2851, June 2000.
- [PROCESS] Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3", BCP 9, RFC 2026, October 1996.
8. Authors' Addresses 💌
Andrew Smith
Fax: +1 415 345 1827
Email: ah_smith@pacbell.net
David Partain
Ericsson Radio Systems
Research and Innovation
P.O. Box 1248
SE-581 12 Linkoping
Sweden
Phone: +46 13 28 41 44
EMail: David.Partain@ericsson.com
John Seligson
Nortel Networks, Inc.
4401 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, CA 95054
USA
Phone: +1 408 495 2992
EMail: jseligso@nortelnetworks.com9. Notices 🌈
Okay, the legal bit, but I'll keep it real. The IETF takes no position on whether any intellectual property or other rights claimed for the technology in this document are valid or in scope, and it doesn't say whether any license under those rights is available. It also doesn't claim to have tried to find any such rights. You can find info on the IETF's rights procedures for standards-track and standards-related documents in BCP-11. Copies of rights claims made available for publication, plus any assurances of licenses that will be made available, or the results of an attempt to get a general license or permission to use those proprietary rights by implementers or users of this spec, can be obtained from the IETF Secretariat 📎
The IETF invites any interested party to flag any copyrights, patents, patent applications, or other proprietary rights that might cover technology needed to practice this standard. Send that info to the IETF Executive Director 🦋
10. Full Copyright Statement ✨
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. 💖
Okay, so you're allowed to copy this document and hand it out to people, and you can also make translations of it. 🌸 You can write derivative works that talk about it, explain it, or help people actually build it, and you can prepare, copy, publish, and distribute those, all or part of them, with zero restrictions. 🫶 The one catch is that the copyright notice and this whole paragraph have to stay on every single copy and every derivative work. 🎀
BUT (and this part is important, bestie) the document itself can't be changed in any way. You can't take out the copyright notice, and you can't remove the references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations. 🙈 There are two exceptions. First, you can make changes if it's needed for developing Internet standards, but then you have to follow the copyright procedures in the Internet Standards process. Second, you can change it if you're translating it into a language other than English. 🧚
The permissions in this section are perpetual, which means they will never be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. 🦋 Forever and ever. 💜
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 💀
Acknowledgement 🌈
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society. 👑 Honestly, the whole RFC Editor thing runs on the Internet Society's money right now, and we are so grateful. 🫶✨
📦 where this page comes from
- ietf: rfc2940 2000-10
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