nlmsg_end(9)

💅 nlmsg_end(9) — Kernel API Manual

okay so. bestie. you're writing netlink code, you've been stacking attributes onto a message, and now you need to actually finalize it. that's this function. welcome to the group chat 🫶

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✨ NAME ✨

nlmsg_end — Finalize a netlink message 💖

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🎀 SYNOPSIS 🎀

void nlmsg_end (struct sk_buff *skb , struct nlmsghdr *nlh );

literally that's the whole signature. no return value, no drama. periodt.

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🦋 ARGUMENTS 🦋

• skb — the socket buffer that your message is chillin' in 💌
• nlh — the netlink message header. the main character, fr fr 👑

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🌸 DESCRIPTION 🌸

So what it actually does: it corrects the netlink message header to include the appended attributes ✨. Like, you added a bunch of attrs, and now the header needs to know about them — this is the moment it finds out.

Heads up bestie 🚨 this is only necessary if attributes have been added to the message. If you didn't append anything, you can lowkey skip it. no cap.

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🌈 SEE ALSO 🌈

Okay this is the part where the page just dumps an entire friend group on you 😭 but they're all iconic, so:

Kernel file ./include/net/netlink.h 🔥

struct nla_policy(9), struct nl_info(9), enum netlink_validation(9), nlmsg_msg_size(9), nlmsg_total_size(9), nlmsg_padlen(9), nlmsg_data(9), nlmsg_len(9), nlmsg_payload(9), nlmsg_attrdata(9), nlmsg_attrlen(9), nlmsg_ok(9), nlmsg_next(9), nla_parse(9), nla_parse_deprecated(9), nla_parse_deprecated_strict(9), __nlmsg_parse(9), nlmsg_parse(9), nlmsg_parse_deprecated(9), nlmsg_parse_deprecated_strict(9), nlmsg_find_attr(9), nla_validate_deprecated(9), nla_validate(9), nlmsg_validate_deprecated(9), nlmsg_report(9), nlmsg_seq(9), nlmsg_for_each_attr(9), nlmsg_for_each_attr_type(9), nlmsg_put(9), nlmsg_append(9), nlmsg_put_answer(9), nlmsg_new(9), nlmsg_new_large(9), nlmsg_get_pos(9), nlmsg_trim(9), nlmsg_cancel(9), nlmsg_free(9), nlmsg_consume(9), nlmsg_multicast_filtered(9), nlmsg_multicast(9), nlmsg_unicast(9), nlmsg_for_each_msg(9), nl_dump_check_consistent(9), nla_attr_size(9), nla_total_size(9), nla_padlen(9), nla_type(9), nla_data(9), nla_len(9), nla_ok(9), nla_next(9), nla_find_nested(9), nla_parse_nested(9), nla_parse_nested_deprecated(9), nla_put_u8(9), nla_put_u16(9), nla_put_be16(9), nla_put_net16(9), nla_put_le16(9), nla_put_u32(9), nla_put_uint(9), nla_put_be32(9), nla_put_net32(9), nla_put_le32(9), nla_put_u64_64bit(9), nla_put_be64(9), nla_put_net64(9), nla_put_le64(9), nla_put_s8(9), nla_put_s16(9), nla_put_s32(9), nla_put_s64(9), nla_put_sint(9), nla_put_string(9), nla_put_flag(9), nla_put_msecs(9), nla_put_in_addr(9), nla_put_in6_addr(9), nla_put_bitfield32(9), nla_get_u32(9), nla_get_u32_default(9), nla_get_be32(9), nla_get_be32_default(9), nla_get_le32(9), nla_get_le32_default(9), nla_get_u16(9), nla_get_u16_default(9), nla_get_be16(9), nla_get_be16_default(9), nla_get_le16(9), nla_get_le16_default(9), nla_get_u8(9), nla_get_u8_default(9), nla_get_u64(9), nla_get_u64_default(9), nla_get_uint(9), nla_get_uint_default(9), nla_get_be64(9), nla_get_be64_default(9), nla_get_le64(9), nla_get_le64_default(9), nla_get_s32(9), nla_get_s32_default(9), nla_get_s16(9), nla_get_s16_default(9), nla_get_s8(9), nla_get_s8_default(9), nla_get_s64(9), nla_get_s64_default(9), nla_get_sint(9), nla_get_sint_default(9), nla_get_flag(9), nla_get_msecs(9), nla_get_msecs_default(9), nla_get_in_addr(9), nla_get_in_addr_default(9), nla_get_in6_addr(9), nla_get_bitfield32(9), nla_memdup(9), nla_nest_start_noflag(9), nla_nest_start(9), nla_nest_end(9), nla_nest_end_safe(9), nla_nest_cancel(9), nla_put_empty_nest(9), __nla_validate_nested(9), nla_need_padding_for_64bit(9), nla_align_64bit(9), nla_total_size_64bit(9), nla_for_each_attr(9), nla_for_each_attr_type(9), nla_for_each_nested(9), nla_for_each_nested_type(9), nla_is_last(9)

like I said. a lot of them. but they're all slay, and honestly you'll be seeing most of these again 💀

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okay that's the whole page, go finalize your messages bestie, you're gonna eat 💅✨

this lil baddie ships from ./include/net, dropped October 2026, and it's part of the Kernel API Manual — catch you in the next one, mwah 🎀🦋💜