MONGOC_FIND_AND_MODIFY_OPTS_T(3)

📦

version 2.5.6 · 16 versions

🌸 find_and_modify abstraction 🌸

okay bestie, this is the libmongoc page for mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_t — the find-and-modify abstraction, and it's lowkey iconic. 💅

✨ SYNOPSIS ✨

so mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_t is a builder interface to construct the findAndModify command. periodt.

It was created to be able to accommodate new arguments to the findAndModify command. iykyk.

As of MongoDB 3.2, the mongoc_write_concern_t specified on the mongoc_collection_t will be used, if any. no cap.

💅 EXAMPLE 💅

bestie, these examples are the whole vibe — Zlatan data included. let's go. 🦋

🚩 `flags.c`

void
fam_flags(mongoc_collection_t *collection)
{
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_t *opts;
   bson_t reply;
   bson_error_t error;
   bson_t query = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   bson_t *update;
   bool success;

   /* Find Zlatan Ibrahimovic, the striker */
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "firstname", "Zlatan");
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "lastname", "Ibrahimovic");
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "profession", "Football player");
   BSON_APPEND_INT32(&query, "age", 34);
   BSON_APPEND_INT32(&query, "goals", (16 + 35 + 23 + 57 + 16 + 14 + 28 + 84) + (1 + 6 + 62));

   /* Add his football position */
   update = BCON_NEW("$set", "{", "position", BCON_UTF8("striker"), "}");

   opts = mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_new();

   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_update(opts, update);

   /* Create the document if it didn't exist, and return the updated document */
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_flags(opts, MONGOC_FIND_AND_MODIFY_UPSERT | MONGOC_FIND_AND_MODIFY_RETURN_NEW);

   success = mongoc_collection_find_and_modify_with_opts(collection, &query, opts, &reply, &error);

   if (success) {
      char *str;

      str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json(&reply, NULL);
      printf("%s\n", str);
      bson_free(str);
   } else {
      fprintf(stderr, "Got error: \"%s\" on line %d\n", error.message, (int)(__LINE__));
   }

   bson_destroy(&reply);
   bson_destroy(update);
   bson_destroy(&query);
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_destroy(opts);
}

🚩 `bypass.c`

void
fam_bypass(mongoc_collection_t *collection)
{
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_t *opts;
   bson_t reply;
   bson_t *update;
   bson_error_t error;
   bson_t query = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   bool success;

   /* Find Zlatan Ibrahimovic, the striker */
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "firstname", "Zlatan");
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "lastname", "Ibrahimovic");
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "profession", "Football player");

   /* Bump his age */
   update = BCON_NEW("$inc", "{", "age", BCON_INT32(1), "}");

   opts = mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_new();
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_update(opts, update);
   /* He can still play, even though he is pretty old. */
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_bypass_document_validation(opts, true);

   success = mongoc_collection_find_and_modify_with_opts(collection, &query, opts, &reply, &error);

   if (success) {
      char *str;

      str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json(&reply, NULL);
      printf("%s\n", str);
      bson_free(str);
   } else {
      fprintf(stderr, "Got error: \"%s\" on line %d\n", error.message, (int)(__LINE__));
   }

   bson_destroy(&reply);
   bson_destroy(update);
   bson_destroy(&query);
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_destroy(opts);
}

🚩 `update.c`

void
fam_update(mongoc_collection_t *collection)
{
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_t *opts;
   bson_t *update;
   bson_t reply;
   bson_error_t error;
   bson_t query = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   bool success;

   /* Find Zlatan Ibrahimovic */
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "firstname", "Zlatan");
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "lastname", "Ibrahimovic");

   /* Make him a book author */
   update = BCON_NEW("$set", "{", "author", BCON_BOOL(true), "}");

   opts = mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_new();
   /* Note that the document returned is the _previous_ version of the document
    * To fetch the modified new version, use
    * mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_flags (opts,
    * MONGOC_FIND_AND_MODIFY_RETURN_NEW);
    */
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_update(opts, update);

   success = mongoc_collection_find_and_modify_with_opts(collection, &query, opts, &reply, &error);

   if (success) {
      char *str;

      str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json(&reply, NULL);
      printf("%s\n", str);
      bson_free(str);
   } else {
      fprintf(stderr, "Got error: \"%s\" on line %d\n", error.message, (int)(__LINE__));
   }

   bson_destroy(&reply);
   bson_destroy(update);
   bson_destroy(&query);
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_destroy(opts);
}

🚩 `fields.c`

void
fam_fields(mongoc_collection_t *collection)
{
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_t *opts;
   bson_t fields = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   bson_t *update;
   bson_t reply;
   bson_error_t error;
   bson_t query = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   bool success;

   /* Find Zlatan Ibrahimovic */
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "lastname", "Ibrahimovic");
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "firstname", "Zlatan");

   /* Return his goal tally */
   BSON_APPEND_INT32(&fields, "goals", 1);

   /* Bump his goal tally */
   update = BCON_NEW("$inc", "{", "goals", BCON_INT32(1), "}");

   opts = mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_new();
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_update(opts, update);
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_fields(opts, &fields);
   /* Return the new tally */
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_flags(opts, MONGOC_FIND_AND_MODIFY_RETURN_NEW);

   success = mongoc_collection_find_and_modify_with_opts(collection, &query, opts, &reply, &error);

   if (success) {
      char *str;

      str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json(&reply, NULL);
      printf("%s\n", str);
      bson_free(str);
   } else {
      fprintf(stderr, "Got error: \"%s\" on line %d\n", error.message, (int)(__LINE__));
   }

   bson_destroy(&reply);
   bson_destroy(update);
   bson_destroy(&fields);
   bson_destroy(&query);
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_destroy(opts);
}

🚩 `sort.c`

void
fam_sort(mongoc_collection_t *collection)
{
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_t *opts;
   bson_t *update;
   bson_t sort = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   bson_t reply;
   bson_error_t error;
   bson_t query = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   bool success;

   /* Find all users with the lastname Ibrahimovic */
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "lastname", "Ibrahimovic");

   /* Sort by age (descending) */
   BSON_APPEND_INT32(&sort, "age", -1);

   /* Bump his goal tally */
   update = BCON_NEW("$set", "{", "oldest", BCON_BOOL(true), "}");

   opts = mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_new();
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_update(opts, update);
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_sort(opts, &sort);

   success = mongoc_collection_find_and_modify_with_opts(collection, &query, opts, &reply, &error);

   if (success) {
      char *str;

      str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json(&reply, NULL);
      printf("%s\n", str);
      bson_free(str);
   } else {
      fprintf(stderr, "Got error: \"%s\" on line %d\n", error.message, (int)(__LINE__));
   }

   bson_destroy(&reply);
   bson_destroy(update);
   bson_destroy(&sort);
   bson_destroy(&query);
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_destroy(opts);
}

🚩 `opts.c`

void
fam_opts(mongoc_collection_t *collection)
{
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_t *opts;
   bson_t reply;
   bson_t *update;
   bson_error_t error;
   bson_t query = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   mongoc_write_concern_t *wc;
   bson_t extra = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   bool success;

   /* Find Zlatan Ibrahimovic, the striker */
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "firstname", "Zlatan");
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "lastname", "Ibrahimovic");
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8(&query, "profession", "Football player");

   /* Bump his age */
   update = BCON_NEW("$inc", "{", "age", BCON_INT32(1), "}");

   opts = mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_new();
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_update(opts, update);

   /* Abort if the operation takes too long. */
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_set_max_time_ms(opts, 100);

   /* Set write concern w: 2 */
   wc = mongoc_write_concern_new();
   mongoc_write_concern_set_w(wc, 2);
   mongoc_write_concern_append(wc, &extra);

   /* Some future findAndModify option the driver doesn't support conveniently
    */
   BSON_APPEND_INT32(&extra, "futureOption", 42);
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_append(opts, &extra);

   success = mongoc_collection_find_and_modify_with_opts(collection, &query, opts, &reply, &error);

   if (success) {
      char *str;

      str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json(&reply, NULL);
      printf("%s\n", str);
      bson_free(str);
   } else {
      fprintf(stderr, "Got error: \"%s\" on line %d\n", error.message, (int)(__LINE__));
   }

   bson_destroy(&reply);
   bson_destroy(&extra);
   bson_destroy(update);
   bson_destroy(&query);
   mongoc_write_concern_destroy(wc);
   mongoc_find_and_modify_opts_destroy(opts);
}

🚩 `fam.c`

int
main(void)
{
   mongoc_collection_t *collection;
   mongoc_database_t *database;
   mongoc_client_t *client;
   const char *uri_string = "mongodb://localhost:27017/admin?appname=find-and-modify-opts-example";
   mongoc_uri_t *uri;
   bson_error_t error;
   bson_t *options;

   mongoc_init();

   uri = mongoc_uri_new_with_error(uri_string, &error);
   if (!uri) {
      fprintf(stderr,
              "failed to parse URI:\n"
              "error message: %s\n",
              error.message);
      return EXIT_FAILURE;
   }

   client = mongoc_client_new_from_uri(uri);
   if (!client) {
      return EXIT_FAILURE;
   }

   mongoc_client_set_error_api(client, 2);
   database = mongoc_client_get_database(client, "databaseName");

             options = BCON_NEW("validator",
                                "{",
                                "age",
                                "{",
                                "$lte",
                                BCON_INT32(34),
                                "}",
                                "}",
                                "validationAction",
                                BCON_UTF8("error"),
                                "validationLevel",
                                BCON_UTF8("moderate"));

             collection = mongoc_database_create_collection(database, "collectionName", options, &error);
             if (!collection) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Got error: \"%s\" on line %d\n", error.message, (int)(__LINE__));
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
             }

             fam_flags(collection);
             fam_bypass(collection);
             fam_update(collection);
             fam_fields(collection);
             fam_opts(collection);
             fam_sort(collection);

             mongoc_collection_drop(collection, NULL);
             bson_destroy(options);
             mongoc_uri_destroy(uri);
             mongoc_database_destroy(database);
             mongoc_collection_destroy(collection);
             mongoc_client_destroy(client);

             mongoc_cleanup();
             return EXIT_SUCCESS;
          }

okay so that cleanup block at the end? lowkey iconic. every single thing you made gets destroyed in reverse-ish order and then mongoc_cleanup() — it's giving "leaving the group chat tidy" energy 🧹✨ bestie, do NOT skip this part, it's the whole vibe check of writing correct C 🫶

Outputs:


{
    "lastErrorObject": {
        "updatedExisting": false,
        "n": 1,
        "upserted": {
            "$oid": "56562a99d13e6d86239c7b00"
        }
    },
    "value": {
        "_id": {
            "$oid": "56562a99d13e6d86239c7b00"
        },
        "age": 34,
        "firstname": "Zlatan",
        "goals": 342,
        "lastname": "Ibrahimovic",
        "profession": "Football player",
        "position": "striker"
    },
    "ok": 1
}
{
    "lastErrorObject": {
        "updatedExisting": true,
        "n": 1
    },
    "value": {
        "_id": {
            "$oid": "56562a99d13e6d86239c7b00"
        },
        "age": 34,
        "firstname": "Zlatan",
        "goals": 342,
        "lastname": "Ibrahimovic",
        "profession": "Football player",
        "position": "striker"
    },
    "ok": 1
}
{
    "lastErrorObject": {
        "updatedExisting": true,
        "n": 1
    },
    "value": {
        "_id": {
            "$oid": "56562a99d13e6d86239c7b00"
        },
        "age": 35,
        "firstname": "Zlatan",
        "goals": 342,
        "lastname": "Ibrahimovic",
        "profession": "Football player",
        "position": "striker"
    },
    "ok": 1
}
{
    "lastErrorObject": {
        "updatedExisting": true,
        "n": 1
    },
    "value": {
        "_id": {
            "$oid": "56562a99d13e6d86239c7b00"
        },
        "goals": 343
    },
    "ok": 1
}
{
    "lastErrorObject": {
        "updatedExisting": true,
        "n": 1
    },
    "value": {
        "_id": {
            "$oid": "56562a99d13e6d86239c7b00"
        },
        "age": 35,
        "firstname": "Zlatan",
        "goals": 343,
        "lastname": "Ibrahimovic",
        "profession": "Football player",
        "position": "striker",
        "author": true
    },
    "ok": 1
}

the way that "updatedExisting" goes false on the first one and then true after that 👀 and the way "goals" went 342 → 343 and "age" went 34 → 35 — the boy is THRIVING, we love a glow-up arc 💅🔥 also notice "n" sitting at 1 in every single one, and "ok" being 1 at the bottom of all of them — chef's kiss, everything's chill 😌✨

Also (gentle reminder bestie, not a lecture i promise 🫶): the first blob has that "upserted" object with the $oid, and the later ones don't — that's just what the output looks like, so read it carefully instead of skimming, iykyk 🦋

👑 AUTHOR 👑

MongoDB, Inc

🎀 COPYRIGHT 🎀

2009-present, MongoDB, Inc.

and that's a wrap on the whole page, bestie!! 🌈⭐ this was MONGOC_FIND_AND_MODIFY_OPTS_T(3), version 2.5.6, dated Oct 09, 2026 — go forth and find-and-modify responsibly, mwah 💖💅🫶

📦 where this page comes from

epel 10: mongo-c-driver-devel 2.5.6-1.el10_3 · Apache-2.0 AND ISC AND MIT AND Zlib
💖 girlified by deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash-1017 on 2026-11-04: a language model's rewrite of the original, under its terms

MONGOC_FIND_AND_MODIFY_OPTS_T(3)

🌸 find_and_modify abstraction 🌸

✨ SYNOPSIS ✨

💅 EXAMPLE 💅

🚩 flags.c

🚩 bypass.c

🚩 update.c

🚩 fields.c

🚩 sort.c

🚩 opts.c

🚩 fam.c