SRC/dgeesx.f(3)

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🦋 SRC/dgeesx.f(3) — Library Functions Manual 🦋

okay bestie, welcome to the dgeesx page, and it's giving legendary LAPACK energy. This is the manual page for SRC/dgeesx.f(3) from the Library Functions Manual. We're gonna keep every flag, every array, every condition, and every dramatic INFO value exactly where it belongs. No cap. 💅

💖 NAME 💖

SRC/dgeesx.f — that's the name of this page, periodt. 🎀

✨ SYNOPSIS ✨

🧚 Functions/Subroutines 🧚

subroutine dgeesx (jobvs, sort, select, sense, n, a, lda, sdim, wr, wi, vs, ldvs, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, bwork, info)

DGEESX computes the eigenvalues, the Schur form, and, optionally, the matrix of Schur vectors for GE matrices. iconic behavior, honestly. 🌟

🌸 Function/Subroutine Documentation 🌸

subroutine dgeesx (character jobvs, character sort, external select, character sense, integer n, double precision, dimension( lda, * ) a, integer lda, integer sdim, double precision, dimension( * ) wr, double precision, dimension( * ) wi, double precision, dimension( ldvs, * ) vs, integer ldvs, double precision rconde, double precision rcondv, double precision, dimension( * ) work, integer lwork, integer, dimension( * ) iwork, integer liwork, logical, dimension( * ) bwork, integer info)

DGEESX computes the eigenvalues, the Schur form, and, optionally, the matrix of Schur vectors for GE matrices. (Yes bestie, same main-character summary, because that's literally what it does. 💖)

🎯 Purpose 🎯

okay so DGEESX computes, for an N-by-N real nonsymmetric matrix A, the eigenvalues, the real Schur form T, and (optionally) the matrix of Schur vectors Z. This gives the Schur factorization A = Z*T*(Z**T). slay. 🔥

Optionally, it also orders the eigenvalues on the diagonal of the real Schur form so that selected eigenvalues are at the top left; computes a reciprocal condition number for the average of the selected eigenvalues (RCONDE); and computes a reciprocal condition number for the right invariant subspace corresponding to the selected eigenvalues (RCONDV). The leading columns of Z form an orthonormal basis for this invariant subspace. 💫

For further explanation of the reciprocal condition numbers RCONDE and RCONDV, see Section 4.10 of the LAPACK Users' Guide (where these quantities are called s and sep respectively). iykyk. 📚

A real matrix is in real Schur form if it is upper quasi-triangular with 1-by-1 and 2-by-2 blocks. 2-by-2 blocks will be standardized in the form

          [  a  b  ]
          [  c  a  ]

where b*c < 0. The eigenvalues of such a block are a +- sqrt(bc). cute little block, scary little math. 😭✨

🎀 Parameters 🎀

  • JOBVS — JOBVS is CHARACTER*1. = 'N': Schur vectors are not computed; = 'V': Schur vectors are computed. Choose your fighter, bestie. 💅
  • SORT — SORT is CHARACTER*1. Specifies whether or not to order the eigenvalues on the diagonal of the Schur form. = 'N': Eigenvalues are not ordered; = 'S': Eigenvalues are ordered (see SELECT). 🌀
  • SELECT — SELECT is a LOGICAL FUNCTION of two DOUBLE PRECISION arguments. SELECT must be declared EXTERNAL in the calling subroutine. If SORT = 'S', SELECT is used to select eigenvalues to sort to the top left of the Schur form. If SORT = 'N', SELECT is not referenced. An eigenvalue WR(j)+sqrt(-1)*WI(j) is selected if SELECT(WR(j),WI(j)) is true; i.e., if either one of a complex conjugate pair of eigenvalues is selected, then both are. Note that a selected complex eigenvalue may no longer satisfy SELECT(WR(j),WI(j)) = .TRUE. after ordering, since ordering may change the value of complex eigenvalues (especially if the eigenvalue is ill-conditioned); in this case INFO may be set to N+3 (see INFO below). 🫶
  • SENSE — SENSE is CHARACTER*1. Determines which reciprocal condition numbers are computed. = 'N': None are computed; = 'E': Computed for average of selected eigenvalues only; = 'V': Computed for selected right invariant subspace only; = 'B': Computed for both. If SENSE = 'E', 'V' or 'B', SORT must equal 'S'. 👑
  • N — N is INTEGER. The order of the matrix A. N >= 0. ✨
  • A — A is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDA, N). On entry, the N-by-N matrix A. On exit, A is overwritten by its real Schur form T. bye original A, hello T. 💀
  • LDA — LDA is INTEGER. The leading dimension of the array A. LDA >= max(1,N). 📏
  • SDIM — SDIM is INTEGER. If SORT = 'N', SDIM = 0. If SORT = 'S', SDIM = number of eigenvalues (after sorting) for which SELECT is true. (Complex conjugate pairs for which SELECT is true for either eigenvalue count as 2.) 🌈
  • WR — WR is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N). 💖
  • WI — WI is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N). WR and WI contain the real and imaginary parts, respectively, of the computed eigenvalues, in the same order that they appear on the diagonal of the output Schur form T. Complex conjugate pairs of eigenvalues appear consecutively with the eigenvalue having the positive imaginary part first. 🦋
  • VS — VS is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDVS,N). If JOBVS = 'V', VS contains the orthogonal matrix Z of Schur vectors. If JOBVS = 'N', VS is not referenced. 👑
  • LDVS — LDVS is INTEGER. The leading dimension of the array VS. LDVS >= 1, and if JOBVS = 'V', LDVS >= N. 📐
  • RCONDE — RCONDE is DOUBLE PRECISION. If SENSE = 'E' or 'B', RCONDE contains the reciprocal condition number for the average of the selected eigenvalues. Not referenced if SENSE = 'N' or 'V'. 🌸
  • RCONDV — RCONDV is DOUBLE PRECISION. If SENSE = 'V' or 'B', RCONDV contains the reciprocal condition number for the selected right invariant subspace. Not referenced if SENSE = 'N' or 'E'. 🌈
  • WORK — WORK is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (MAX(1,LWORK)). On exit, if INFO = 0, WORK(1) returns the optimal LWORK. 🛠️
  • LWORK — LWORK is INTEGER. The dimension of the array WORK. LWORK >= max(1,3*N). Also, if SENSE = 'E' or 'V' or 'B', LWORK >= N+2*SDIM*(N-SDIM), where SDIM is the number of selected eigenvalues computed by this routine. Note that N+2*SDIM*(N-SDIM) <= N+N*N/2. Note also that an error is only returned if LWORK < max(1,3*N), but if SENSE = 'E' or 'V' or 'B' this may not be large enough. For good performance, LWORK must generally be larger. If LWORK = -1, then a workspace query is assumed; the routine only calculates upper bounds on the optimal sizes of the arrays WORK and IWORK, returns these values as the first entries of the WORK and IWORK arrays, and no error messages related to LWORK or LIWORK are issued by XERBLA. 😤
  • IWORK — IWORK is INTEGER array, dimension (MAX(1,LIWORK)). On exit, if INFO = 0, IWORK(1) returns the optimal LIWORK. 🧰
  • LIWORK — LIWORK is INTEGER. The dimension of the array IWORK. LIWORK >= 1; if SENSE = 'V' or 'B', LIWORK >= SDIM*(N-SDIM). Note that SDIM*(N-SDIM) <= N*N/4. Note also that an error is only returned if LIWORK < 1, but if SENSE = 'V' or 'B' this may not be large enough. If LIWORK = -1, then a workspace query is assumed; the routine only calculates upper bounds on the optimal sizes of the arrays WORK and IWORK, returns these values as the first entries of the WORK and IWORK arrays, and no error messages related to LWORK or LIWORK are issued by XERBLA. 😌
  • BWORK — BWORK is LOGICAL array, dimension (N). Not referenced if SORT = 'N'. 🧚
  • INFO — INFO is INTEGER.
    • = 0: successful exit. 🎉
    • < 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value. 🚨
    • > 0: if INFO = i, and i is
      • <= N: the QR algorithm failed to compute all the eigenvalues; elements 1:ILO-1 and i+1:N of WR and WI contain those eigenvalues which have converged; if JOBVS = 'V', VS contains the transformation which reduces A to its partially converged Schur form. 😭
      • = N+1: the eigenvalues could not be reordered because some eigenvalues were too close to separate (the problem is very ill-conditioned); 💀
      • = N+2: after reordering, roundoff changed values of some complex eigenvalues so that leading eigenvalues in the Schur form no longer satisfy SELECT=.TRUE.. This could also be caused by underflow due to scaling. 🙈

🌟 Author 🌟

  • Univ. of Tennessee
  • Univ. of California Berkeley
  • Univ. of Colorado Denver
  • NAG Ltd.

Definition at line 278 of file dgeesx.f. 📍

💫 Author 💫

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okay bestie, that's the whole page. Cute sign-off: LAPACK Version 3.12.0, source/page SRC/dgeesx.f(3). The footer didn't print a separate date, so no invented date drama here — mwah 💖✨

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