PERLGPL(1perl)

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version 5.44.0 · 2 versions
, in arch rolling

💖 perlgpl 💖 — the GNU General Public License, version 1

yep, you're reading PERLGPL(1perl) from the Perl Programmers Reference Guide, bestie 🫶 this is the whole licensing tea, served hot ✨

✨ NAME ✨

perlgpl — the GNU General Public License, version 1. that's it, that's the whole name, periodt 💅

🌸 SYNOPSIS 🌸

here's how you slide into this doc:

 You can refer to this document in Pod via "L<perlgpl>"
 Or you can see this document by entering "perldoc perlgpl"

💅 DESCRIPTION 💅

okay so first things first: Perl is free software. you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either:

  • a) the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) any later version, or
  • b) the "Artistic License" which comes with this Kit.

and this page right here? it's the "GNU General Public License, version 1" 🎀 it lives here so that modules, programs, etc., that want to declare this as their distribution license can link to it. iconic, honestly ✨

for the Perl Artistic License, go see perlartistic. that's a whole other page, bestie 🦋

👑 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 👑

🌟 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE — Version 1, February 1989 🌟

         Copyright (C) 1989 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
                            <https://fsf.org/>

         Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
         of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

🌈 Preamble 🌈

okay so picture this: the license agreements of most software companies try to keep users at the mercy of those companies. rude. by contrast, our General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software — to make sure the software is free for all its users 💖 the General Public License applies to the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. you can use it for your programs, too. no gatekeeping here 💅

when we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. specifically, the General Public License is designed to make sure that you have the freedom to give away or sell copies of free software, that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. iykyk ✨

to protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. these restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. yes bestie, freedom comes with a lil to-do list 🎀

for example, if you distribute copies of a such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. you must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. and you must tell them their rights 👑

we protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software. two steps, slay 💅

also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. if the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations 🫶

the precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow 👇

⭐ GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE ⭐

💫 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 💫

  1. This License Agreement applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications. Each licensee is addressed as "you". hi, that's you 👋
  2. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this General Public License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this General Public License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy. 💸
  3. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, and copy and distribute such modifications under the terms of Paragraph 1 above, provided that you also do the following:
    • a) cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change; and
    • b) cause the whole of any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains the Program or any part thereof, either with or without modifications, to be licensed at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this General Public License (except that you may choose to grant warranty protection to some or all third parties, at your option).
    • c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the simplest and most usual way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this General Public License. like, it's gotta introduce itself properly bestie 🎤
    • d) You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.

Mere aggregation of another independent work with the Program (or its derivative) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of these terms. keep your stuff in the shared drawer, it's fine 💅

  1. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a portion or derivative of it, under Paragraph 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Paragraphs 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
    • a) accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Paragraphs 1 and 2 above; or,
    • b) accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party free (except for a nominal charge for the cost of distribution) a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Paragraphs 1 and 2 above; or,
    • c) accompany it with the information you received as to where the corresponding source code may be obtained. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form alone.)

Source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable file, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains; but, as a special exception, it need not include source code for modules which are standard libraries that accompany the operating system on which the executable file runs, or for standard header files or definitions files that accompany that operating system. the source code is giving ✨ give the people the source ✨

  1. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, distribute or transfer the Program except as expressly provided under this General Public License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, distribute or transfer the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights to use the Program under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights to use copies, from you under this General Public License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. so basically: play by the rules or lose the keys 😭
  2. By copying, distributing or modifying the Program (or any work based on the Program) you indicate your acceptance of this license to do so, and all its terms and conditions. signing with your actions, bestie ✍️
  3. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. no adding extra rules on top, that's not the vibe 🚫
  4. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. glow-ups happen 💅

Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of the license which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the license, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. versions, versions, versions ✨

  1. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. just ask nicely, bestie 🫶

🚨 NO WARRANTY 🚨

bestie, this next part is in ALL CAPS for a reason. pay attention 👀
  1. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 💀
  2. okay this one is THE big one, bestie, so read it slowly. Unless the law literally forces it, or somebody signed something in writing, nobody is on the hook for damages. Not the copyright holder, not anyone else who modified and/or redistributed the program the way the earlier terms allow. You can't come for them for any general, special, incidental, or consequential damages that pop off from using the program or being unable to use it. And yes, that list is doing a lot of work, so here's the full receipt: LOSS OF DATA, DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE, losses you or third parties sustain, or the program failing to play nice with any other programs. All of it, covered. And this holds even if that holder or other party already got warned that damages like that were possible. 🙈
⚠️ fr fr, this whole clause is in ALL CAPS on purpose — because shouting is the legal way to make sure you actually read it. No warranty, no liability, periodt.

If you want the literal legal words to quote at somebody:

IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY
AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU
FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING
RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A
FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF
SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.

🎀 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 🎀

That's the whole license, babes. You survived. 💅

🌸 Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 🌸

So you wrote something new and you're feeling generous — you want humanity to get the most out of it? Cute! Iconic! Main character energy! The move is to make it free software that everybody can redistribute and change under these terms. 🦋

To do that, you slap the notices below onto your program. Pro tip: attach them to the start of each source file — that's the safest way to convey the exclusion of warranty as loudly as possible — and every single file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice lives.

<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it
does.>
Copyright (C) 19yy  <name of author>

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at
your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

Also drop your contact info — electronic and paper mail, because some people are nostalgic like that. 📬

If your program is interactive, make it print a short notice like this the moment it starts up in interactive mode:

Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19xx name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type
'show w'.  This is free software, and you are welcome to
redistribute it under certain conditions; type 'show c' for
details.

The hypothetical commands 'show w' and 'show c' are supposed to show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. And listen — the commands you actually use can be called literally anything other than 'show w' and 'show c'. They could even be mouse-clicks or menu items. Whatever suits your program. Sky's the limit, bestie. 🌈

One more thing: if you work as a programmer, you should get your employer to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if that's necessary. Same deal if you've got a school. Here's a sample — just swap the names:

Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the
program 'Gnomovision' (a program to direct compilers to make passes
at assemblers) written by James Hacker.

<signature of Moe Ghoul>, 1 April 1989
Moe Ghoul, President of Vice

That's all there is to it! 🫶

✨ aaaand that's a wrap, bestie ✨ this page is from perl v5.44.0, dated 2026-10-17, and it lives as PERLGPL(1perl). go forth and license responsibly 💖👑🌸

📦 where this page comes from