v.normal(1)

📦
version 8.4.2 · 8 versions
, in fedora 44

💖 v.normal(1) — GRASS GIS User's Manual 💖

okay bestie, buckle up, we're doing statistics on vector points today and honestly? it's giving main character energy. this is v.normal from the GRASS GIS User's Manual, and yes, she tests for normality. no cap.

✨ NAME ✨

v.normal — Tests for normality for vector points. that's it, that's the whole gig, and she eats every time 💅

🌸 KEYWORDS 🌸

vector, statistics, points, point pattern

🦋 SYNOPSIS 🦋

v.normal
v.normal --help
v.normal [-rl] map=name [layer=string] tests=range[,range,...] column=name [--help] [--verbose] [--quiet] [--ui]

🎀 FLAGS 🎀

  • -r — Use only points in current region. like, stay in your lane, literally 🌈
  • -l — Lognormality instead of normality. she's not like other girls, she's log-transformed 💜
  • --help — Print usage summary
  • --verbose — Verbose module output
  • --quiet — Quiet module output
  • --ui — Force launching GUI dialog

🫶 PARAMETERS 🫶

  • map=name [required] — Name of vector map. Or data source for direct OGR access. (yes bestie, OGR direct access is a whole vibe)
  • layer=string — Layer number or name. Vector features can have category values in different layers. This number determines which layer to use. When used with direct OGR access this is the layer name. Default: 1
  • tests=range[,range,...] [required] — Lists of tests (1-15). E.g. 1,3-8,13
  • column=name [required] — Name of attribute column

💀 DESCRIPTION 💀

v.normal computes tests of normality on vector points. short, sweet, statistically unhinged (affectionate). periodt.

👑 NOTES 👑

The tests that v.normal performs are indexed below. The tests that are performed are specified by giving an index, ranges of indices, or multiple thereof. (so like, pick your fighters, bestie 🥊)

  1. Sample skewness and kurtosis
  2. Geary's a-statistic and an approximate normal transformation
  3. Extreme normal deviates
  4. D'Agostino's D-statistic
  5. Modified Kuiper V-statistic
  6. Modified Watson U^2-statistic
  7. Durbin's Exact Test (modified Kolmogorov)
  8. Modified Anderson-Darling statistic
  9. Modified Cramer-Von Mises W^2-statistic
  10. Kolmogorov-Smirnov D-statistic (modified for normality testing)
  11. Chi-Square test statistic (equal probability classes) and the number of degrees of freedom
  12. Shapiro-Wilk W Test
  13. Weisberg-Binghams W'' (similar to Shapiro-Francia's W')
  14. Royston's extension of W for large samples
  15. Kotz Separate-Families Test for Lognormality vs. Normality

🌈 EXAMPLE 🌈

Compute the sample skewness and kurtosis, Geary's a-statistic and an approximate normal transformation, extreme normal deviates, and Royston's W for the random vector points:

g.region raster=elevation -p
v.random random n=200
v.db.addtable random column="elev double precision"
v.what.rast random rast=elevation column=elev
v.normal random tests=1-3,14 column=elev

🍓 SEE ALSO 🍓

v.univar

💜 AUTHORS 💜

James Darrell McCauley <darrell@mccauley-usa.com>, when he was at: Agricultural Engineering Purdue University

⭐ SOURCE CODE ⭐

Available at: v.normal source code (history)

Accessed: Saturday Jan 17 05:41:27 2026

Main index | Vector index | Topics index | Keywords index | Graphical index | Full index

okay so that's the whole page, and honestly? iconic. this manual is GRASS GIS 8.4.2 Reference Manual energy, © 2003-2025 GRASS Development Team, and you best believe it's still running on GRASS 8.4.2. mwah 💖 bye bestie, go test some normality 🦋✨

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