DATEGREP(1)

✨ dategrep, the manual (section 1, bestie edition) ✨

okay so you found dategrep(1) and you're like "what is this" — don't worry, I got you. It's section 1 of the manual, it's a date-aware grep, and it's lowkey iconic. Sit down, hydrate, let's go 💖

---

🌸 NAME 🌸

dategrep — grep standard input for lines that match EXPRESSION.

🦋 SYNOPSIS 🦋

dategrep [OPTION]...  EXPRESSION

💅 DESCRIPTION 💅

Grep standard input for lines that match EXPRESSION. That's the whole vibe, but the how is where it gets cute.

EXPRESSION can be date/times with an operator glued on the front: <, <=, =, >=, >, !=, <>. If you forget the operator it just defaults to =, no biggie. And each one means what you'd think:

• older
• older-equal
• equal
• newer-equal
• newer
• not equal

EXPRESSION can also be format specifiers, with one of those operators infixed and a value suffixed — like %a="Wed" — which matches lines whose %a representation (the abbreviated weekday name, bestie) is "Wed". slay.

EXPRESSION can also be statements like the ones above, concatenated with && (conjunction) or || (disjunction). Both can be parenthesised like usual to change precedence — and yes, && goes over ||, it's giving PEMDAS but make it dates. 👑

If multiple date/times show up on the same line and any one of them fulfills the criteria, the whole line is considered a match and gets output. Not picky. We love that.

Note: Operations can be specified by options too (--eq, --gt, ...). It's purely a convenience thing — e.g. the datetest tool has a similar syntax. iykyk.

Recognized OPTIONs: 👀

• -h, --help — Print help and exit
• -V, --version — Print version and exit
• -q, --quiet — Suppress message about date/time and duration parser errors.
• -i, --input-format=STRING... — Input format, can be used multiple times. Each date/time will be passed to the input format parsers in the order they are given, and if a date/time can be read successfully with a given input format specifier string, that value will be used.
• -b, --base=DT — For underspecified input use DT as a fallback to fill in missing fields. Also used for ambiguous format specifiers to position their range on the absolute time line. Must be a date/time in ISO8601 format. If omitted it defaults to the current date/time.
• -e, --backslash-escapes — Enable interpretation of backslash escapes in the output and input format specifier strings.
• -o, --only-matching — Show only the part of a line matching DATE.
• -v, --invert-match — Select non-matching lines.
• --from-locale=LOCALE — Interpret dates on stdin or the command line as coming from the locale LOCALE. This would only affect month and weekday names, since input formats have to be specified explicitly.
• --from-zone=ZONE — Consider date/times on stdin as coming from the zone ZONE, default: UTC.
• -z, --zone=ZONE — Consider date/times in EXPRESSION as coming from the zone ZONE, default: UTC.
• --eq — Lines match when date/times are equal to EXPRESSION.
• --ne — Lines match when date/times are not the same as EXPRESSION.
• --gt — Lines match when date/times are newer than EXPRESSION.
• --lt — Lines match when date/times are older than EXPRESSION.
• --ge — Lines match when date/times are newer than or equal EXPRESSION.
• --le — Lines match when date/times are older than or equal EXPRESSION.
• --nt — Lines match when date/times are newer than or equal EXPRESSION.
• --ot — Lines match when date/times are older than or equal EXPRESSION.

🎀 FORMAT SPECS 🎀

Format specs in dateutils are similar to posix' strftime(). ✨

However — and this is the tea — due to a broader range of supported calendars, dateutils must employ different rules. So don't come in here expecting a one-to-one, bestie.

💜 Date specs

• %a — The abbreviated weekday name
• %A — The full weekday name
• %_a — The weekday name shortened to a single character (MTWRFAS)
• %b — The abbreviated month name
• %B — The full month name
• %_b — The month name shortened to a single character (FGHJKMNQUVXZ)
• %c — The count of the weekday within the month (range 00 to 05)
• %C — The count of the weekday within the year (range 00 to 53)
• %d — The day of the month, 2 digits (range 00 to 31)
• %D — The day of the year, 3 digits (range 000 to 366)
• %F — Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (ymd's canonical format)
• %g — ISO week date year without the century (range 00 to 99)
• %G — ISO week date year including the century
• %j — Equivalent to %D
• %m — The month in the current calendar (range 00 to 12)
• %Q — The quarter of the year (range Q1 to Q4)
• %q — The number of the quarter (range 01 to 04)
• %s — The number of seconds since the Epoch.
• %u — The weekday as number (range 01 to 07, Sunday being 07)
• %U — The week count, day of week is Sun (range 00 to 53)
• %V — The ISO week count, day of week is Mon (range 01 to 53)
• %w — The weekday as number (range 00 to 06, Sunday being 00)
• %W — The week count, day of week is Mon (range 00 to 53)
• %y — The year without a century (range 00 to 99)
• %Y — The year including the century
• %_y — The year shortened to a single digit
• %Z — The zone offset in hours and minutes (HH:MM) with a preceding sign (+ for offsets east of UTC, - for offsets west of UTC)
• %Od — The day as roman numerals
• %Om — The month as roman numerals
• %Oy — The two digit year as roman numerals
• %OY — The year including the century as roman numerals
• %rs — In time systems whose Epoch is different from the unix Epoch, this selects the number of seconds since then.
• %rY — In calendars with years that don't coincide with the Gregorian years, this selects the calendar's year.
• %dth — The day of the month as an ordinal number, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
• %mth — The month of the year as an ordinal number, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
• %db — The business day of the month (since last month's ultimo)
• %dB — Number of business days until this month's ultimo

🌈 Time specs

• %H — The hour of the day using a 24h clock, 2 digits (range 00 to 23)
• %I — The hour of the day using a 12h clock, 2 digits (range 01 to 12)
• %M — The minute (range 00 to 59)
• %N — The nanoseconds (range 000000000 to 999999999)
• %p — The string AM or PM, noon is PM and midnight is AM.
• %P — Like %p but in lowercase
• %S — The (range 00 to 60, 60 is for leap seconds) — bestie, the source page is literally missing a word here, I'm not making it up, the range is 00 to 60 and 60 is for leap seconds 💀
• %T — Equivalent to %H:%M:%S

🫶 General specs

• %n — A newline character
• %t — A tab character
• %% — A literal % character

⭐ Modifiers

• %O — Modifier to turn decimal numbers into Roman numerals
• %r — Modifier to turn units into real units
• %0 — Modifier to turn on zero prefixes
• %SPC — Modifier to turn on space prefixes
• %- — Modifier to turn off prefixes altogether
• th — Suffix, read and print ordinal numbers
• b — Suffix, treat days as business days

By design dates before 1601-01-01 are not supported. not negotiable, don't @ me 🙈

For conformity, here's the list of calendar designators and their corresponding format string:

• ymd — %Y-%m-%d
• ymcw — %Y-%m-%c-%w
• ywd — %rY-W%V-%u
• bizda — %Y-%m-%db
• lilian — n/a
• ldn — n/a
• julian — n/a
• jdn — n/a
• matlab — n/a
• mdn — n/a

These designators can be used as output format string, and moreover, lilian/ldn and julian/jdn can also be used as input format string. periodt. 💅

🔥 EXAMPLES 🔥

okay these are the moment, watch closely:

$ dategrep 2012-03-01 <<EOF
2012-02-28
2012-02-29
2012-03-01
2012-03-02
EOF
2012-03-01
$

$ dategrep '<2012-03-01' <<EOF
2012-02-28
2012-02-29
2012-03-01
2012-03-02
EOF
2012-02-28
2012-02-29
$

$ dategrep \!=2012-03-01 <<EOF
2012-02-28
2012-02-29
2012-03-01
2012-03-02
EOF
2012-02-28
2012-02-29
2012-03-02
$

$ dategrep =2012-03-01 <<EOF
Feb  2012-02-28
Feb  2012-02-29     leap day
Mar  2012-03-01
Mar  2012-03-02
EOF
Mar  2012-03-01
$

$ dategrep -o \<2012-03-01 <<EOF
Feb  2012-02-28
Feb  2012-02-29     leap day
Mar  2012-03-01
Mar  2012-03-02
EOF
2012-02-28
2012-02-29
$

$ dategrep '>=12:00:00' <<EOF
fileA     11:59:58
fileB     11:59:59  leap ?
fileNOON  12:00:00  new version
fileC     12:03:12
EOF
fileNOON  12:00:00  new version
fileC     12:03:12
$

$ dategrep -o '>=12:00:00' <<EOF
fileA     11:59:58
fileB     11:59:59  leap ?
fileNOON  12:00:00  new version
fileC     12:03:12
EOF
12:00:00
12:03:12
$

$ dategrep 2012-03-01 <<EOF
2012-02-28T10:00:00
2012-02-29T10:00:00
2012-03-01T10:00:00
2012-03-02T10:00:00
EOF
2012-03-01T10:00:00
$

$ dategrep '<2012-03-01' <<EOF
2012-02-28T10:00:00
2012-02-29T10:00:00
2012-03-01T10:00:00
2012-03-02T10:00:00
EOF
2012-02-28T10:00:00
2012-02-29T10:00:00
$

$ dategrep 2012-03-01T10:00:00 <<EOF
2012-02-28T10:00:00
2012-02-29T10:00:00
2012-03-01T10:00:00
2012-03-02T10:00:00
EOF
2012-03-01T10:00:00
$

$ dategrep '<2012-03-01T14:00:00' <<EOF
2012-02-28T10:00:00
2012-02-29T10:00:00
2012-03-01T10:00:00
2012-03-02T10:00:00
EOF
2012-02-28T10:00:00
2012-02-29T10:00:00
2012-03-01T10:00:00
$

ate and left no crumbs, honestly 🍓

👑 AUTHOR 👑

Written by Sebastian Freundt <freundt@fresse.org>

😭 REPORTING BUGS 😭

Report bugs to: https://github.com/hroptatyr/dateutils/issues

(if something's broken, tell the humans, not me, I'm just the messenger 🧚)

🌈 SEE ALSO 🌈

The full documentation for dategrep is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and dategrep programs are properly installed at your site, the command

info (dateutils)dategrep

should give you access to the complete manual. go read it, it's giving scholar behavior 📚

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and that's the whole page, bestie 🫶 this was dateutils 0.4.11, from January 2024, and it is — say it with me — DATEGREP(1). bye bye, go grep some dates 💖✨