Specio:...ructured(3)

🎀 NAME 🎀

okay bestie, you're on the Specio:...ructured(3) page from the User Contributed Perl Documentation — and the actual module is:

Specio::Library::Structured — Structured types for Specio (Dict, Map, Tuple) 💅

✨ VERSION ✨

version 0.49 — yes, that's the whole vibe check.

🌈 SYNOPSIS 🌈

use Specio::Library::Builtins;
use Specio::Library::String;
use Specio::Library::Structured;

my $map = t(
    'Map',
    of => {
        key   => t('NonEmptyStr'),
        value => t('Int'),
    },
);
my $tuple = t(
    'Tuple',
    of => [ t('Str'), t('Num') ],
);
my $dict = t(
    'Dict',
    of => {
        kv => {
            name => t('Str'),
            age  => t('Int'),
        },
    },
);

💖 DESCRIPTION 💖

okay so this library hands you a whole set of structured types for Specio: Dict, Map, and Tuple ✨ It also exports two helper subs used for some types, optional and slurpy 🫶

All structured types are parameterized by calling t( 'Type Name', of => ... ). The arguments passed after of vary for each type — iykyk.

📦 Dict

A Dict is a hashref with a well-defined set of keys and types for those keys.

The argument passed to of should be a single hashref. That hashref must contain a kv key defining the expected keys and the types for their values. This kv value is itself a hashref. If a key/value pair is optional, use optional around the type for that key:

my $person = t(
    'Dict',
    of => {
        kv => {
            first  => t('NonEmptyStr'),
            middle => optional( t('NonEmptyStr') ),
            last   => t('NonEmptyStr'),
        },
    },
);

If a key is optional, then it can be omitted entirely, but if it is passed then its type will be checked, so it cannot just be set to undef.

You can also pass a slurpy key. If this is passed, then the Dict will allow other, unknown keys, as long as they match the specified type:

my $person = t(
    'Dict',
    of => {
        kv => {
            first  => t('NonEmptyStr'),
            middle => optional( t('NonEmptyStr') ),
            last   => t('NonEmptyStr'),
        },
        slurpy => t('Int'),
    },
);

🗺️ Map

A Map is a hashref with specified types for its keys and values, but no well-defined key names.

The argument passed to of should be a single hashref with two keys, key and value. The type for the key will typically be some sort of key, but if you're using a tied hash or an object with hash overloading it could conceivably be any sort of value.

🧺 Tuple

A Tuple is an arrayref with a fixed set of members in a specific order.

The argument passed to of should be a single arrayref consisting of types. You can mark a slot in the Tuple as optional by wrapping the type in a call to optional:

my $record = t(
    'Tuple',
    of => [
        t('PositiveInt'),
        t('Str'),
        optional( t('Num') ),
        optional( t('Num') ),
    ],
);

You can have as many optional elements as you want, but they must always come in sequence at the end of the tuple definition. You cannot interleave required and optional elements.

You can also make the Tuple accept an arbitrary number of values by wrapping the last type in a call to slurpy:

my $record = t(
    'Tuple',
    of => [
        t('PositiveInt'),
        t('Str'),
        slurpy( t('Num') ),
    ],
);

In this case, the Tuple will require the first two elements and then allow any number (including zero) of Num elements.

🚨 Important: You cannot mix optional and slurpy in a Tuple definition.

🚧 LIMITATIONS 🚧

Currently all structured types require that the types they are structured with can be inlined. This may change in the future, but inlining all your types is a really good idea, so you should do that anyway.

🐛 SUPPORT 🐛

Bugs may be submitted at https://github.com/houseabsolute/Specio/issues.

📚 SOURCE 📚

The source code repository for Specio can be found at https://github.com/houseabsolute/Specio.

👑 AUTHOR 👑

Dave Rolsky <autarch@urth.org>

📜 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE 📜

This software is Copyright (c) 2012 - 2024 by Dave Rolsky.

This is free software, licensed under:

The Artistic License 2.0 (GPL Compatible)

The full text of the license can be found in the LICENSE file included with this distribution.

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okay that's the whole page, bestie — perl v5.42.0, dated 2024-12-24, from the Specio:...ructured(3) manual. mwah 💋🫶