Date::M...::german(3)

📦
version 7.00 · 13 versions
, in fedora 43, fedora 44

✨ Date::M...::german(3) ✨

bestie, this page lives in the User Contributed Perl Documentation and it's literally the manual for Date::Manip::Lang::german. 🦋 no cap.

🌸 NAME 🌸

Date::Manip::Lang::german — German language support. 🇩🇪 hallo, willkommen, wir sind so back

🎀 SYNOPSIS 🎀

So this module is a whole list of words and expressions that support the German language. and it is NOT intended to be used directly!! other Date::Manip modules will load it as needed. so it's giving supporting cast, not main character — let the other modules pull it in, okay? 💅

👑 LANGUAGE EXPRESSIONS 👑

Here's the full roster of language words and expressions used to write times and/or dates. every single one, we are not skipping a thing.

💖 quick vibe check: all strings are case insensitive.

🌙 Month names and abbreviations

When you write out the name of a month, several different variations may exist — full names and abbreviations both count.

The following month names may be used:

Januar
Jänner

Februar

März
Marz
Maerz

April

Mai

Juni

Juli

August

September

Oktober

November

Dezember

the umlaut variants and their umlaut-less cousins both eat, so März and Maerz are equally valid. we love options.

The following abbreviations may be used:

Jän
Jan

Feb

Mär
Mar

Apr

Mai

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Okt

Nov

Dez

☀️ Day names and abbreviations

Same deal but for days — several different variations may exist, including full names and abbreviations.

The following day names may be used:

Montag

Dienstag

Mittwoch

Donnerstag

Freitag

Samstag
Sonnabend

Sonntag

note that Samstag and Sonnabend are both out here representing Saturday, iconic behavior honestly.

The following abbreviations may be used:

Mo
Mo.

Di
Di.

Mi
Mi.

Do
Do.

Fr
Fr.

Sa
Sa.

So
So.

The following short (1-2 characters) abbreviations may be used:

M

Di

Mi

Do

F

Sa

So

yes bestie, M and F are on the list. that's just what it is. 🫶

🧮 Delta field names

These are the names (and abbreviations) for the fields in a delta. There are 7 fields: years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds.

The names and abbreviations for these fields are:

Jahren
j
Jahr
Jahre

Monaten
m
Monat
Monate

Wochen
w
Woche

Tagen
t
Tag
Tage

Stunden
h
std
Stunde

Minuten
min
Minute

Sekunden
s
sek
Sekunde

🌅 Morning/afternoon times

This is a list of expressions used to designate morning or afternoon time when a time is entered as a 12-hour time rather than a 24-hour time. Like, in English, the time 17:00 could be specified as 5:00 PM. it's the am/pm of it all.

Morning and afternoon time may be designated by the following sets of words:

FM
vorm.

EM
nachm.

🔁 Each or every

There's a list of words that specify every occurrence of something. These are used in phrases like:

EACH Monday
EVERY Monday
EVERY month

The following words may be used:

jeden

⏭️ Next/Previous/Last occurrence

There's a list of words that may be used to specify the next, previous, or last occurrence of something. These could be used in phrases like:

NEXT week

LAST Tuesday
PREVIOUS Tuesday

LAST day of the month

The following words may be used:

Next occurrence:

nachsten
nächsten
nachste
nächste

Previous occurrence:

vorherigen
vorherige
letzte
letzten

Last occurrence:

letzten
letzte

⏳ Delta words for going forward/backward in time

When parsing deltas, there are words that may be used to specify that the delta will refer to a time in the future or to a time in the past (relative to some date). In English, for example, you might say:

IN 5 days
5 days AGO

The following words may be used to specify deltas that refer to dates in the past or future respectively:

vor
vorigen
vorherigen
vorherige

in
spater
später

💼 Business mode

This contains two lists of words which can be used to specify a standard (i.e. non-business) delta or a business delta.

important lore: previously, it was used to tell whether the delta was approximate or exact, but now this list is not used except to force the delta to be standard. so it's giving legacy feature, lowkey retired but still clocked in.

The following words may be used:

genau
ungefahr
ungefähr

The following words may be used to specify a business delta:

Arbeitstag
Arbeits

🔢 Numbers

Numbers may be spelled out in a variety of ways. The following sets correspond to the numbers from 1 to 53:

  1. erste, erster, eins
  2. zweite, zwei, zweiter
  3. dritte, drei, dritter
  4. vierte, vier
  5. funfte, fünfte, fünf, fünfter, funf, funfter
  6. sechste, sechs, sechster
  7. siebente, siebte, sieben, siebter
  8. achte, achten
  9. neunte, neun, neunten
  10. zehnte, zehn, zehnten
  11. elfte, elf
  12. zwolfte, zwölfte, zwölf, zwölften, zwolf, zwolften
  13. dreizehnte, dreizehn
  14. vierzehnte, vierzehn
  15. funfzehnte, fünfzehnte, fünfzehn, fünfzehnten, funfzehn, funfzehnten
  16. sechzehnte, sechzehn
  17. siebzehnte, siebzehn
  18. achtzehnte, achtzehn
  19. neunzehnte, neunzehn
  20. zwanzigste, zwanzig, zwanzigsten
  21. einundzwanzigste, einundzwanzigsten
  22. zweiundzwanzigste, zweiundzwanzigsten
  23. dreiundzwanzigste, dreiundzwanzigsten
  24. vierundzwanzigste, vierundzwanzigsten
  25. funfundzwanzigste, fünfundzwanzigste, fünfundzwanzigsten, funfundzwanzigsten
  26. sechsundzwanzigste, sechsundzwanzigsten
  27. siebenundzwanzigste, siebenundzwanzigsten
  28. achtundzwanzigste, achtundzwanzigsten
  29. neunundzwanzigste, neunundzwanzigsten
  30. dreibigste, dreißigste, dreißig, dreißigsten, dreibig, dreibigsten
  31. einunddreibigste, einunddreißigste, einunddreißig, einunddreißigsten, einunddreibig, einunddreibigsten
  32. zweiunddreißig, zweiunddreißigste, zweiunddreibig, zweiunddreibigste
  33. dreiunddreißig, dreiunddreißigsten, dreiunddreibig, dreiunddreibigsten
  34. vierunddreißig, vierunddreißigste, vierunddreibig, vierunddreibigste
  35. fünfunddreißig, fünfunddreißigste, funfunddreibig, funfunddreibigste
  36. sechsunddreißig, sechsunddreißigste, sechsunddreibig, sechsunddreibigste
  37. siebenunddreißig, siebenunddreißigsten, siebenunddreibig, siebenunddreibigsten
  38. achtunddreißig, achtunddreißigsten, achtunddreibig, achtunddreibigsten
  39. neununddreißig, neununddreißigsten, neununddreibig, neununddreibigsten
  40. vierzig, vierzigsten
  41. einundvierzig, einundvierzigsten
  42. zweiundvierzig, zweiundvierzigsten
  43. dreiundvierzig, dreiundvierzigsten
  44. vierundvierzig, vierundvierzigsten
  45. fünfundvierzig, fünfundvierzigsten, funfundvierzig, funfundvierzigsten
  46. sechsundvierzig, sechsundvierzigsten
  47. siebenundvierzig, siebenundvierzigste
  48. siebenundvierzig, siebenundvierzigste
  49. neunundvierzig, neunundvierzigsten
  50. fünfzig, fünfzigsten, funfzig, funfzigsten
  51. einundfünfzig, einundfünfzigsten, einundfunfzig, einundfunfzigsten
  52. zweiundfünfzig, zweiundfünfzigsten, zweiundfunfzig, zweiundfunfzigsten
  53. dreiundfünfzig, dreiundfünfzigsten, dreiundfunfzig, dreiundfunfzigsten
💀 bestie, real talk: 47 is listed twice and 48 is straight-up missing from this list. that's not me being messy, that's exactly how it's written. we report, we do not fix. periodt.

🙈 Ignored words

When writing out dates in common forms, there are a number of words that are typically not important.

There is frequently a word that appears in a phrase to designate that a time is going to be specified next. In English, you would use the word AT in the example:

December 3 at 12:00

The following words may be used:

um

Another word is used to designate one member of a set. In English, you would use the words IN or OF:

okay so like, continuing where we left off 💖 — both of these are totally valid ways to say the same day:

1st day OF December
1st day IN December

and the little words that make it happen are:

der
im
des

then there's another word that means something is happening on a specific date — that's the English ON energy, like:

ON July 5th

and the German word for that is:

am

✨ Words that set the date, time, or both ✨

bestie some words just know what time it is 😌 — these ones can set a date, a time, or literally both, all relative to now.

The date-setting words are giving yesterday / tomorrow energy. They're written as a delta that gets added to the current time to land on a date. Important: the time is NOT set — so the delta only gets partially used (it should only have year, month, week, and day fields, no cap 🧢).

The words you can use:

gestern              -0:0:0:1:0:0:0
heute                0:0:0:0:0:0:0
morgen               +0:0:0:1:0:0:0
übermorgen           +0:0:0:2:0:0:0

The words that set only the time of day are the noon / midnight girlies:

mittag               12:00:00
mitternacht          00:00:00

and then there are words that set the entire time AND date (relative to the current time and date) — in English, now is one of these. The German one:

jetzt                0:0:0:0:0:0:0

✨ Hour/Minute/Second separators ✨

when you're writing out a time of day, the most common separator is a colon (:) and it can serve as both separators, iconic 💅

some languages use a different pair though. like French lets you write the time as 13h30:20, so it would use these pairs:

: :
h :

first column = the hour-minute separator, second column = the minute-second separator. both are perl regular expressions. so if you're building a new translation, heads up: regexes with utf-8 characters can be tricky 🙈 — for example, don't put the expression '[x]' in there where 'x' is a utf-8 character.

🚨 a pair of colons is ALWAYS allowed for every single language. if a language allows extra pairs, they show up here:
Not defined in this language

✨ Fractional second separator ✨

for fractional seconds, the usual move is a decimal point (.). some languages might allow a different separator, and if they do, it's written as a regular expression.

💖 the decimal point is ALWAYS allowed for all languages. if a language allows another separator, it's listed here:
Not defined in this language

🌸 KNOWN BUGS 🌸

None known. (she's flawless, no notes, periodt 👑)

🦋 BUGS AND QUESTIONS 🦋

please refer to the Date::Manip::Problems documentation for the info on submitting bug reports or questions to the author 🫶

⭐ SEE ALSO ⭐

  • Date::Manip — main module documentation

💜 LICENSE 💜

This script is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

🎀 AUTHOR 🎀

Sullivan Beck (sbeck@cpan.org)

and that's a wrap bestie ✨ this lil' page is from perl v5.42.3, dated 2026-09-01, filed under Date::M...::german(3) — go forth and conjugate your dates, you got this 💖🌈

📦 where this page comes from