BIO_SET_CALLBACK(3ossl)

🎀 NAME 🎀

okay bestie, gather round 💖 this is the OpenSSL manual page BIO_SET_CALLBACK, from section 3ossl, and it's entirely about BIO callback functions. The whole squad:

• BIO_set_callback_ex
• BIO_get_callback_ex
• BIO_set_callback
• BIO_get_callback
• BIO_set_callback_arg
• BIO_get_callback_arg
• BIO_debug_callback
• BIO_debug_callback_ex
• BIO_callback_fn_ex
• BIO_callback_fn

periodt. no one got left out of the group chat ✨

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✨ SYNOPSIS ✨

first things first, you gotta pull in the header:

#include <openssl/bio.h>

then the new, non-deprecated, main-character lineup:

typedef long (*BIO_callback_fn_ex)(BIO *b, int oper, const char *argp,
                                   size_t len, int argi,
                                   long argl, int ret, size_t *processed);

void BIO_set_callback_ex(BIO *b, BIO_callback_fn_ex callback);
BIO_callback_fn_ex BIO_get_callback_ex(const BIO *b);

void BIO_set_callback_arg(BIO *b, char *arg);
char *BIO_get_callback_arg(const BIO *b);

long BIO_debug_callback_ex(BIO *bio, int oper, const char *argp, size_t len,
                           int argi, long argl, int ret, size_t *processed);

now for the deprecated girlies 🫠 The following functions have been deprecated since OpenSSL 3.0, and can be hidden entirely by defining OPENSSL_API_COMPAT with a suitable version value, see openssl_user_macros(7):

typedef long (*BIO_callback_fn)(BIO *b, int oper, const char *argp, int argi,
                                long argl, long ret);
void BIO_set_callback(BIO *b, BIO_callback_fn cb);
BIO_callback_fn BIO_get_callback(const BIO *b);
long BIO_debug_callback(BIO *bio, int cmd, const char *argp, int argi,
                        long argl, long ret);

and hangin' out right there in the same block, this struct:

typedef struct bio_mmsg_cb_args_st {
    BIO_MSG    *msg;
    size_t      stride, num_msg;
    uint64_t    flags;
    size_t     *msgs_processed;
} BIO_MMSG_CB_ARGS;

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🌸 DESCRIPTION 🌸

okay so BIO_set_callback_ex() and BIO_get_callback_ex() set and retrieve the BIO callback. That callback gets called during most high-level BIO operations. Why would you even want that? literally for debugging — tracing what a BIO is doing — or to modify how it operates. main character behavior honestly 👑

BIO_set_callback() and BIO_get_callback() set and retrieve the old format BIO callback. New code should not use these, bestie 😭 they're only kept around for backwards compatibility. And here's the tea: any callback set via BIO_set_callback_ex() will get called in preference to any set by BIO_set_callback(). so the _ex one wins, always.

BIO_set_callback_arg() and BIO_get_callback_arg() are macros — you use them to set and retrieve an argument that your callback can use.

BIO_debug_callback_ex() is a standard debugging callback that prints out information relating to each BIO operation. If the callback argument is set, it gets interpreted as a BIO to send the info to — otherwise stderr is used. And BIO_debug_callback() is the deprecated version of that same callback, for use with the old callback format BIO_set_callback() function. same vibe, older fit 💅

BIO_callback_fn_ex is the type of the callback function, and BIO_callback_fn is the type of the old format callback function. Here's what every argument actually means, no skips:

• b — the BIO the callback is attached to gets passed in b.
• oper — oper is set to the operation being performed. For some operations the callback is called twice: once before and once after the actual operation, and in that latter case oper has BIO_CB_RETURN or'ed into it.
• len — the length of the data requested to be read or written. This is only useful if oper is BIO_CB_READ, BIO_CB_WRITE or BIO_CB_GETS.
• argp argi argl — the meaning of the arguments argp, argi and argl depends on the value of oper, aka the operation being performed.
• processed — processed is a pointer to a location that will be updated with the amount of data that was actually read or written. Only used for BIO_CB_READ, BIO_CB_WRITE, BIO_CB_GETS and BIO_CB_PUTS.
• ret — ret is the return value that would be returned to the application if no callback were present. The actual value returned is the return value of the callback itself. And in the case of callbacks called before the actual BIO operation, 1 is placed in ret, and if the return value is not positive it will be immediately returned to the application and the BIO operation will not be performed. so like, no take-backs 🚫

The callback should normally simply return ret when it has finished processing, unless it specifically wishes to modify the value returned to the application.

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🦋 CALLBACK OPERATIONS 🦋

in the notes below, callback defers to the actual callback function that is called. iykyk 💫

BIO_free(b)

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_FREE, NULL, 0, 0, 0L, 1L, NULL)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_FREE, NULL, 0L, 0L, 1L)

is called before the free operation.

BIO_read_ex(b, data, dlen, readbytes)

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_READ, data, dlen, 0, 0L, 1L, NULL)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_READ, data, dlen, 0L, 1L)

is called before the read and

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_READ | BIO_CB_RETURN, data, dlen, 0, 0L, retvalue,
            &readbytes)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_READ|BIO_CB_RETURN, data, dlen, 0L, retvalue)

after.

BIO_write(b, data, dlen, written)

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_WRITE, data, dlen, 0, 0L, 1L, NULL)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_WRITE, datat, dlen, 0L, 1L)

is called before the write and

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_WRITE | BIO_CB_RETURN, data, dlen, 0, 0L, retvalue,
            &written)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_WRITE|BIO_CB_RETURN, data, dlen, 0L, retvalue)

after.

BIO_gets(b, buf, size)

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_GETS, buf, size, 0, 0L, 1, NULL, NULL)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_GETS, buf, size, 0L, 1L)

is called before the operation and

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_GETS | BIO_CB_RETURN, buf, size, 0, 0L, retvalue,
            &readbytes)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_GETS|BIO_CB_RETURN, buf, size, 0L, retvalue)

after.

BIO_puts(b, buf)

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_PUTS, buf, 0, 0, 0L, 1L, NULL);

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_PUTS, buf, 0, 0L, 1L)

is called before the operation and

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_PUTS | BIO_CB_RETURN, buf, 0, 0, 0L, retvalue, &written)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_PUTS|BIO_CB_RETURN, buf, 0, 0L, retvalue)

after.

BIO_ctrl(BIO *b, int cmd, long larg, void *parg)

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_CTRL, parg, 0, cmd, larg, 1L, NULL)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_CTRL, parg, cmd, larg, 1L)

is called before the call and

callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_CTRL | BIO_CB_RETURN, parg, 0, cmd, larg, ret, NULL)

or

callback(b, BIO_CB_CTRL|BIO_CB_RETURN, parg, cmd, larg, ret)

after.

Note: cmd == BIO_CTRL_SET_CALLBACK is special, because parg is not the argument of type BIO_info_cb itself. In this case parg is a pointer to the actual call parameter, see BIO_callback_ctrl.

BIO_sendmmsg(BIO *b, BIO_MSG *msg, size_t stride, size_t num_msg, uint64_t flags, size_t *msgs_processed)

 callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_SENDMMSG, args, 0, 0, 0, 1, NULL)

or

 callback(b, BIO_CB_SENDMMSG, args, 0, 0, 1)

is called before the call and

 callback_ex(b, BIO_CB_SENDMMSG | BIO_CB_RETURN, args, ret, 0, 0, ret, NULL)

or

 callback(b, BIO_CB_SENDMMSG | BIO_CB_RETURN, args, ret, 0, 0, ret)

after.

args is a pointer to a BIO_MMSG_CB_ARGS structure containing the arguments passed to BIO_sendmmsg(). ret is the return value of the BIO_sendmmsg() call. The return value of BIO_sendmmsg() is altered to the value returned by the BIO_CB_SENDMMSG | BIO_CB_RETURN call. 👀

BIO_recvmmsg(BIO *b, BIO_MSG *msg, size_t stride, size_t num_msg, uint64_t flags, size_t *msgs_processed)

See the documentation for BIO_sendmmsg(). BIO_recvmmsg() works identically except that BIO_CB_RECVMMSG is used instead of BIO_CB_SENDMMSG. twin energy fr fr 🌈

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💜 RETURN VALUES 💜

• BIO_get_callback_ex() and BIO_get_callback() return the callback function previously set by a call to BIO_set_callback_ex() and BIO_set_callback() respectively.
• BIO_get_callback_arg() returns a char pointer to the value previously set via a call to BIO_set_callback_arg().
• BIO_debug_callback() returns 1 or ret if it's called after specific BIO operations.

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🍓 EXAMPLES 🍓

The BIO_debug_callback_ex() function is an example — its source is in crypto/bio/bio_cb.c. go peek, it's giving study material 📚✨

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⭐ HISTORY ⭐

• The BIO_debug_callback_ex() function was added in OpenSSL 3.0.
• BIO_set_callback(), BIO_get_callback(), and BIO_debug_callback() were deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0. Use the non-deprecated _ex functions instead. the glow-up is mandatory bestie 💅

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👑 COPYRIGHT 👑

Copyright 2000-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html.

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and that's the whole page, no cap 🫶 this was OpenSSL 3.5.9, dated 2026-09-29, straight from the BIO_SET_CALLBACK(3ossl) manual. love u, go trace some BIOs 💖🧚