manips(3U)

📦 version 2.1.1+git.2025.07.26.a1, in debian bookworm, debian trixie, ubuntu jammy, ubuntu noble, ubuntu questing, ubuntu resolute, ubuntu stonking

manips(3U) — InterViews Reference Manual 🦋

okay so bestie, this is the manips(3U) page from the InterViews Reference Manual, and it's giving direct-manipulation semantics in the best way. part 1, more coming. 💖

NAME 💅

The girlies in this file are ConnectManip, DragManip, ManipGroup, TextManip, and VertexManip — all of them are Manipulator subclasses for defining common direct-manipulation semantics. periodt. ✨

SYNOPSIS 🌸

#include <Unidraw/manips.h>

DESCRIPTION 🦋

So Manipulator is an abstract base class for objects that encapsulate the mechanics of direct manipulation. Subclasses support different manipulation semantics, and they all have their own little main character energy. 💫

  • DragManip is the subclass that implements a downclick-drag-upclick style of interaction, with optional constraints on motion (for example, horizontal or vertical only). slay.
  • ConnectManip is a DragManip subclass that adds a gravitational bias towards connector views. it's giving magnetic.
  • VertexManip is a DragManip that supports multiple downclick-and-drag interactions terminated by a distinguished downclick. multiple drags? iconic.
  • TextManip provides a text editing interface. typing era. 💅
  • Finally, ManipGroup composes manipulator instances so that their interaction may proceed concurrently. group chat energy, fr fr.

DRAGMANIP PUBLIC OPERATIONS 🔥

DragManip(
    Viewer*, Rubberband*, Transformer* = nil, Tool* = nil,
    DragConstraint = None
)

DragManip(
    Viewer*, Rubberband*, Transformer*, Tool*,
    DragConstraint, Coord, Coord
)

A DragManip uses a rubberband to animate the manipulation. The constructor takes the rubberband as a parameter along with the viewer in which it should appear, a transformer reflecting the transformation that component views undergo in the viewer, the tool that created the manipulator, and a DragConstraint that effectively restricts mouse motion in one or more ways. By default, motion is constrained when the Shift key is held down. The second constructor adds two Coord parameters. The DragManip will use these values to override the event coordinates when Grasp is first called. no cap. 🫶

  • virtual void Grasp(Event&) — DragManip redefines Grasp operation to call the rubberband's Track operation, supplying the coordinates in the event. Grasp calls Constrain (described below) on the event prior to passing the coordinate information. The rubberband will not be drawn until Grasp is called. okay so don't expect the rubberband to show up early, bestie. 😭
  • virtual boolean Manipulating(Event&) — If the event is a MotionEvent, Manipulating calls Track with the event's coordinates and returns true. Manipulating simply returns false if the event is an UpEvent. Like DragManip::Grasp, this operation calls Constrain on the event prior to passing the coordinate information. so it's tracking and constraining, periodt. ✨
  • virtual void Effect(Event&) — Effect simply erases the rubberband by calling its Erase operation. bye bye rubberband. 💅
  • virtual void SetViewer(Viewer*)
  • virtual void SetRubberband(Rubberband*)
  • virtual void SetTransformer(Transformer*)
  • virtual void SetTool(Tool*)
  • virtual void SetConstraint(DragConstraint)
  • virtual Viewer* GetViewer()
  • virtual Rubberband* GetRubberband()
  • virtual Transformer* GetTransformer()
  • virtual Tool* GetTool()
  • virtual DragConstraint GetConstraint()

Set and get the various parameters supplied to the DragManip in its constructor. getters and setters? we love a balanced duo. 💖

  • const Event& GraspEvent() — Return the event supplied to the last call to Grasp. the receipts, basically. 🧾✨

DRAGMANIP PROTECTED OPERATIONS 🛡️

void Init(
    Viewer*, Rubberband*, Transformer*, Tool*, DragConstraint
)

Assign the various constructor values common to both DragManip constructors. shared setup? we love to see it. 💜

  • virtual void Constrain(Event&) — Constrain the event to reflect the DragConstraint. The event coordinates are constrained when the event indicates that the shift key is held down for all DragConstraint values except Gravity, which constrains the coordinates unconditionally with the viewer's Constrain operation. so Gravity is the exception that does the most, naturally. 👑

CONNECTMANIP PUBLIC OPERATIONS 🧲

ConnectManip(
    Viewer*, Rubberband*, Transformer* = nil, Tool* = nil
)

ConnectManip supports the same type of interaction as DragManip, except the rubberband tracking is affected by a gravitational bias towards connector views. Whenever the user drags near a connector view, the tracking coordinates are suddenly constrained to coincide with the center of the connector view. The rubberband will not change its appearance thereafter until the user drags beyond the gravity threshold, which corresponds to SLOP (see globals(3U)) units beyond the nearest point on the connector view. magnetic behavior, fr fr. 🧲💖

  • virtual boolean Manipulating(Event&) — ConnectManip redefines Manipulating to support the gravitational effect. it's the same but with pull. 💫
  • ConnectorView* GetTarget() — Return the connector view that has captured the rubberband, if any. caught in 4k. 📸

VERTEXMANIP PUBLIC OPERATIONS 📐

VertexManip(
    Viewer*, GrowingVertices*, Transformer* = nil,
    Tool* = nil, DragConstraint = None
)

VertexManip is like DragManip but supports multiple drags and clicks in one manipulation. The VertexManip constructor restricts the rubberband to be an instance of GrowingVertices. multi-step manipulation? main character behavior. 👑

  • virtual boolean Manipulating(Event&) — This operation is similar to DragManip's, except it calls AppendVertex on the GrowingVertices rubberband on each down-click and returns false if and only if the middle button is pressed. middle button said "I'm the terminator." 💀
  • GrowingVertices* GetGrowingVertices() — Return the GrowingVertices instance. Use this operation as an alternative to GetRubberband when that operation isn't specific enough. when you need the more specific bestie. 🎀

TEXTMANIP PUBLIC OPERATIONS ✍️

TextManip(Viewer*, Painter*, Coord tabwidth, Tool* = nil)
TextManip(
    Viewer*, Painter*, Coord lineheight, Coord tabwidth,
    Tool* = nil
)

Create a TextManip, supplying (at minimum) a viewer, a painter with which to draw (usually reflecting graphics attributes defined by the enclosing editor object), and the width of a tab character. Tab characters in the text will position the following character at an integral multiple of tabwidth from the beginning of the line. The distance between baselines in the text can be specified with the second constructor; this value corresponds to the font height by default. These constructors create text manipulators containing no text initially; the lower left corner of the first line of text (including the descender) will be positioned at the coordinates in the event passed to the Grasp operation. empty text era, but make it cute. 🎀

TextManip(
    Viewer*, const char* buf, int bufsize, Coord x, Coord y,
    Painter*, Coord tabwidth, Tool* = nil
)

TextManip(
    Viewer*, const char* buf, int bufsize, Coord x, Coord y,
    Painter*, Coord lineheight, Coord tabwidth, Tool* = nil
)

Create text manipulators initialized with text by passing a buffer of text and its size. A copy of the buffer is used internally. The x and y parameters specify the position of the lower left corner of the first line of text (including the descender). These coordinates will override the coordinates specified by the event passed to Grasp. so if you brought your own position, it wins. periodt. 💅

  • virtual void Grasp(Event&) — Positions and draws the text. If the position-specifying constructors were used to create the instance, then the manipulator will use the event coordinates to set the insertion point's position in the text. insertion point placement? we love precision. ✨
  • virtual boolean Manipulating(Event&) — Handle keystrokes and/or mouse motion events to support basic text editing. Motion events are interpreted to support text selection; selected text is displayed in reverse colors. The Manipulating operation returns false if a downclick is detected outside the text or if HandleKey (described below) returns false. selection slay, reverse colors slay, false means we out. 😭
  • virtual void Effect(Event&) — Effect damages the viewer area that TextManip corrupted during editing. cleanup on aisle viewer. 🧹
  • virtual Painter* GetPainter()
  • virtual Coord GetLineHeight()
  • virtual Coord GetTabWidth()
  • virtual const char* GetText(int&)
  • virtual void GetPosition(Coord&, Coord&)

Return various parameters specified in the constructor. GetText returns a pointer to the internal buffer containing the text; the reference parameter returns the buffer's size. getters said "here's the info, bestie." 💖

  • const Event& GraspEvent() — Return the event supplied to the last call to Grasp. same energy as before. 🫶

🎀 TEXTMANIP PROTECTED OPERATIONS 🎀

Okay bestie, this is the backstage pass to TextManip — the protected ops that make the text widget do its little keyboard dance. 💖

  • virtual boolean HandleKey(Event&) — this one sets up TextManip's default key bindings, listed below. Unless it says otherwise down there, this function returns true. Periodt. ✨
    • (^P) — backward line
    • (^N) — forward line
    • (^B) — backward character
    • (^F) — forward character
    • (ESC) — terminate text entry, causing HandleKey to return false
    • (^A) — beginning of line
    • (^E) — end of line
    • (^D) — delete character
    • (DEL) (^H) — delete backward character
  • int Dot() int Mark() — the current selection is bounded by two indices into the text buffer. By convention these indices are called dot and mark. Dot is the position at which text will be inserted and deleted. Mark locates the end of the selection that moves as the selection is modified. When the selection is empty (an insertion point), dot and mark are equal. Fr fr. 🫶
  • void InsertText(const char* string, int count) void InsertCharacter(char) void DeleteText(int count) void DeleteCharacter(int) void DeleteLine() void DeleteSelection() — edit the text buffer at the current selection. InsertText inserts count characters from string after dot. The selection becomes an insertion point following the newly inserted text. InsertCharacter replaces the selected characters with a single character. DeleteText deletes count characters at dot. If count is positive, the characters following dot are deleted; if count is negative the characters before dot are deleted. The selection becomes an insertion point in the place of the deleted text. DeleteSelection deletes the text between dot and mark, changing the selection to an insertion point. DeleteCharacter is identical to DeleteText if the dot and mark are not the same; otherwise it is identical to DeleteSelection. DeleteCharacter provides a convenient way to express the behavior of the backspace and delete operations. Finally, DeleteLine deletes the line of text containing mark. The selection becomes an insertion point at mark. 💅
  • void BackwardCharacter(int count) void ForwardCharacter(int count) void BackwardLine(int count) void ForwardLine(int count) void BackwardWord(int count) void ForwardWord(int count) — move the current selection forward or backward by the specified number of the specified units. The default movement is one unit. The selection is not moved before the beginning or after the end of the text. No cap. 🦋
  • void BeginningOfLine() void EndOfLine() void BeginningOfWord() void EndOfWord() void BeginningOfSelection() void EndOfSelection() void BeginningOfText() void EndOfText() — move the current selection forwards or backwards to the specified feature of the text. Slay. ✨
  • void Select(int dot) void Select(int dot, int mark) void SelectMore(int mark) void SelectAll() — modify the current selection in terms of text indices. With a single parameter, Select moves both dot and mark to the specified index. With two parameters, dot and mark can be controlled independently. SelectMore leaves dot unchanged and moves mark. SelectAll sets dot to the end of the text and mark to the beginning. Iconic behavior. 💖
  • int Locate(Coord x, Coord y) boolean Contains(Coord, Coord) — Locate returns the text index most closely matching the point (x, y). Contains returns whether the text contains the point (x, y). Vibe check complete. 🌸

🌈 MANIPGROUP PUBLIC OPERATIONS 🌈

  • ManipGroup(Viewer* = nil, Tool* = nil) — create a ManipGroup, optionally supplying a viewer and a tool. ✨
  • virtual void Grasp(Event&) — the Grasp operation simply calls Grasp on each child in insertion order. 💅
  • virtual boolean Manipulating(Event&) — Manipulating calls the corresponding operation on each child, skipping those children that have returned false in previous calls (up to the last Grasp). This function returns false when all children have done so. No notes. 🔥
  • virtual void Effect(Event&) — ManipGroup's Effect operation calls Effect on each child.
  • virtual void SetViewer(Viewer*) virtual void SetTool(Tool*) virtual Viewer* GetViewer() virtual Tool* GetTool() — set and get the ManipGroup's viewer and tool. The set operations set the ManipGroup's values for these parameters and call the corresponding operations on their children. The get operations simply return the ManipGroup's values.
  • virtual void First(Iterator&) virtual void Last(Iterator&) virtual void Next(Iterator&) virtual void Prev(Iterator&) virtual boolean Done(Iterator) — operations for iterating over the ManipGroup's children, if any. First and Last initialize an iterator to point to the beginning and end of the list of children, respectively. Next increments the iterator to point to the following child, while Prev decrements the iterator to point to the preceding child. Done returns whether or not the iterator points beyond the first or last child in the list. 🧚
  • Manipulator* GetManip(Iterator) void SetManip(Manipulator*, Iterator&) — GetManip returns the child manipulator to which an iterator points. SetManip initializes an iterator to point to a particular child; it initializes the iterator to point to a nil instance if the given Manipulator is not a child of the ManipGroup. 🙈
  • void Append(...) and void Prepend(...) — these add up to four child manipulators, in order, to the end and the beginning of the list, respectively. Their exact signatures are:
void Append(
    Manipulator*,
    Manipulator* = nil, Manipulator* = nil, Manipulator* = nil
)

void Prepend(
    Manipulator*,
    Manipulator* = nil, Manipulator* = nil, Manipulator* = nil
)
  • void InsertBefore(Iterator, Manipulator*) void InsertAfter(Iterator, Manipulator*) void Remove(Manipulator*) void Remove(Iterator&) — operations for modifying the ManipGroup's list of children. InsertAfter and InsertBefore insert a child after and before the manipulator pointed to by the iterator, respectively. The Remove operations remove a child from the list (without deleting it). You can remove a child by referring to it explicitly or by specifying an iterator. If an iterator is supplied, the Remove operation will advance it to point to the following child as a side effect. 💜

🧚 MANIPGROUP PROTECTED OPERATIONS 🧚

  • UList* Elem(Iterator) Manipulator* Manip(UList*) — ManipGroup stores its children on a UList, which is accessible via the _kids protected member. The Selection's iteration operations store the UList containing the current child in their iterator. Elem is a convenience function for returning the UList to which an iterator points, and Manip extracts the child that a UList element contains. 🌟

🌸 SEE ALSO 🌸

  • Connector(3U)
  • Event(3I)
  • Iterator(3U)
  • Manipulator(3U)
  • Painter(3I)
  • Rubband(3I)
  • Tool(3U)
  • Transformer(3I)
  • UList(3U)
  • Viewer(3U)
  • globals(3U)

And that's the whole vibe, bestie. This page came from Unidraw, dated 1 August 1990, and it lives at manips(3U). Go off, text-manipulating icon. 💅✨

📦 where this page comes from