std::deque:...deque::cend(3)

💖 std::deque::end, std::deque::cend — C++ Standard Libary 💖

okay so bestie, this is the std::deque:...deque::cend(3) page from the C++ Standard Libary, and it's all about std::deque::end and std::deque::cend. no cap, it's giving “iterator to the end” main character energy. 💅

💖 NAME 💖

std::deque::end,std::deque::cend — std::deque::end,std::deque::cend. yes, the NAME really said it twice, and honestly? iconic. 🎀

🌸 Synopsis 🌸

iterator end();                       (1) (noexcept since C++11)
const_iterator end() const;           (2) (noexcept since C++11)
const_iterator cend() const noexcept; (3) (since C++11)

so yeah: overloads (1) and (2) are noexcept since C++11, and overload (3) is cend() const noexcept with (since C++11). slay. ✨

Returns an iterator to the element following the last element of the deque. literally that exact vibe. 🦋

🚨 warning bestie: this element acts as a placeholder; attempting to access it results in undefined behavior. do not touch it. undefined behavior is not cute. 😭💀

there's also a diagram called range-begin-end.svg in the original — range-begin-end visual, iykyk. 🌈

🎀 Parameters 🎀

(none) — literally no parameters, bestie. zero. nada. 🫶

✨ Return value ✨

Iterator to the element following the last element. that's the whole return value, periodt. 👑

🦋 Complexity 🦋

Constant. yup, constant — no drama, no surprises. 💜

💅 Notes 💅

libc++ backports cend() to C++98 mode. ngl, that's kinda iconic of libc++. 🔥

🔥 Example 🔥

the page literally says // Run this code, so here's the whole example:

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <numeric>
#include <string>
#include <deque>

int main()
{
    std::deque<int> nums{1, 2, 4, 8, 16};
    std::deque<std::string> fruits{"orange", "apple", "raspberry"};
    std::deque<char> empty;

    // Print deque.
    std::for_each(nums.begin(), nums.end(), [](const int n) { std::cout << n << ' '; });
    std::cout << '\n';

    // Sums all integers in the deque nums (if any), printing only the result.
    std::cout << "Sum of nums: "
              << std::accumulate(nums.begin(), nums.end(), 0) << '\n';

    // Prints the first fruit in the deque fruits, checking if there is any.
    if (!fruits.empty())
        std::cout << "First fruit: " << *fruits.begin() << '\n';

    if (empty.begin() == empty.end())
        std::cout << "deque 'empty' is indeed empty.\n";
}

Output:

1 2 4 8 16
Sum of nums: 31
First fruit: orange
deque 'empty' is indeed empty.

ate. no crumbs. 🍓✨

👑 See also 👑

• begin — returns an iterator to the beginning
• cbegin — (public member function) (C++11)
• end
• cend — returns an iterator to the end of a container or array (C++11) (function template) (C++14)

that's every token from the See also chunk, bestie — even the squished column bits. 🧚

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💖 source/version: http://cppreference.com · date: 2024.06.10 · page: std::deque:...deque::cend(3) 💖 byeeee, bestie 🎀