PCGELQ2(l)

📦 version 1.5, in ubuntu jammy

💖 PCGELQ2 💖 (the l manual, bestie — LAPACK routine, version 1.5, she's an icon)

okay so. sit down, grab a strawberry 🍓, because we're doing LAPACK today and honestly? she's serving.

🌸 NAME 🌸

PCGELQ2 — she computes an LQ factorization of a complex distributed M-by-N matrix, literally:

sub( A ) = A(IA:IA+M-1,JA:JA+N-1) = L * Q

no cap. that's the whole job. 💅

✨ SYNOPSIS ✨

SUBROUTINE PCGELQ2( M, N, A, IA, JA, DESCA, TAU, WORK, LWORK, INFO )

    INTEGER         IA, INFO, JA, LWORK, M, N

    INTEGER         DESCA( * )

    COMPLEX         A( * ), TAU( * ), WORK( * )

look at her. ten arguments, zero notes, all business. 🎀

🎀 PURPOSE 🎀

PCGELQ2 computes a LQ factorization of a complex distributed M-by-N matrix

sub( A ) = A(IA:IA+M-1,JA:JA+N-1) = L * Q.

📓 Notes 📓

Every global data object gets described by an associated description vector. This vector stores the info you need to establish the mapping between an object element and its corresponding process and memory location. iykyk.

Let A be a generic term for any 2D block cyclicly distributed array. Such a global array has an associated description vector DESCA. In the following comments, the character _ should be read as "of the global array".

The whole notation table, but make it a list because we're not doing tables in here:

  • DTYPE_A (global) — stored in DESCA( DTYPE_ ) — the descriptor type. In this case, DTYPE_A = 1.
  • CTXT_A (global) — stored in DESCA( CTXT_ ) — the BLACS context handle, indicating the BLACS process grid A is distributed over. The context itself is global, but the handle (the integer value) may vary.
  • M_A (global) — stored in DESCA( M_ ) — the number of rows in the global array A.
  • N_A (global) — stored in DESCA( N_ ) — the number of columns in the global array A.
  • MB_A (global) — stored in DESCA( MB_ ) — the blocking factor used to distribute the rows of the array.
  • NB_A (global) — stored in DESCA( NB_ ) — the blocking factor used to distribute the columns of the array.
  • RSRC_A (global) — stored in DESCA( RSRC_ ) — the process row over which the first row of the array A is distributed.
  • CSRC_A (global) — stored in DESCA( CSRC_ ) — the process column over which the first column of the array A is distributed.
  • LLD_A (local) — stored in DESCA( LLD_ ) — the leading dimension of the local array. LLD_A >= MAX(1,LOCr(M_A)).

Let K be the number of rows or columns of a distributed matrix, and assume that its process grid has dimension p x q.

LOCr( K ) denotes the number of elements of K that a process would receive if K were distributed over the p processes of its process column.

Similarly, LOCc( K ) denotes the number of elements of K that a process would receive if K were distributed over the q processes of its process row.

The values of LOCr() and LOCc() may be determined via a call to the ScaLAPACK tool function, NUMROC:

LOCr( M ) = NUMROC( M, MB_A, MYROW, RSRC_A, NPROW ),
LOCc( N ) = NUMROC( N, NB_A, MYCOL, CSRC_A, NPCOL ).

An upper bound for these quantities may be computed by:

LOCr( M ) <= ceil( ceil(M/MB_A)/NPROW )*MB_A
LOCc( N ) <= ceil( ceil(N/NB_A)/NPCOL )*NB_A
bestie if you skim the NUMROC math I will find out. 🙈

💅 ARGUMENTS 💅

  • M — (global input) INTEGER. The number of rows to be operated on, i.e. the number of rows of the distributed submatrix sub( A ). M >= 0.
  • N — (global input) INTEGER. The number of columns to be operated on, i.e. the number of columns of the distributed submatrix sub( A ). N >= 0.
  • A — (local input/local output) COMPLEX pointer into the local memory to an array of dimension (LLD_A, LOCc(JA+N-1)). On entry, the local pieces of the M-by-N distributed matrix sub( A ) which is to be factored. On exit, the elements on and below the diagonal of sub( A ) contain the M by min(M,N) lower trapezoidal matrix L (L is lower triangular if M <= N); the elements above the diagonal, with the array TAU, represent the unitary matrix Q as a product of elementary reflectors (see Further Details).
  • IA — (global input) INTEGER. The row index in the global array A indicating the first row of sub( A ).
  • JA — (global input) INTEGER. The column index in the global array A indicating the first column of sub( A ).
  • DESCA — (global and local input) INTEGER array of dimension DLEN_. The array descriptor for the distributed matrix A.
  • TAU — (local output) COMPLEX, array, dimension LOCr(IA+MIN(M,N)-1). This array contains the scalar factors of the elementary reflectors. TAU is tied to the distributed matrix A.
  • WORK — (local workspace/local output) COMPLEX array, dimension (LWORK). On exit, WORK(1) returns the minimal and optimal LWORK.
  • LWORK — (local or global input) INTEGER. The dimension of the array WORK. LWORK is local input and must be at least LWORK >= Nq0 + MAX( 1, Mp0 ), where
IROFF = MOD( IA-1, MB_A ), ICOFF = MOD( JA-1, NB_A ), IAROW =
INDXG2P( IA, MB_A, MYROW, RSRC_A, NPROW ), IACOL = INDXG2P( JA,
NB_A, MYCOL, CSRC_A, NPCOL ), Mp0   = NUMROC( M+IROFF, MB_A,
MYROW, IAROW, NPROW ), Nq0   = NUMROC( N+ICOFF, NB_A, MYCOL,
IACOL, NPCOL ),

and NUMROC, INDXG2P are ScaLAPACK tool functions; MYROW, MYCOL, NPROW and NPCOL can be determined by calling the subroutine BLACS_GRIDINFO.

If LWORK = -1, then LWORK is global input and a workspace query is assumed; the routine only calculates the minimum and optimal size for all work arrays. Each of these values is returned in the first entry of the corresponding work array, and no error message is issued by PXERBLA.

  • INFO — (local output) INTEGER.
    • = 0: successful exit
    • < 0: If the i-th argument is an array and the j-entry had an illegal value, then INFO = -(i*100+j), if the i-th argument is a scalar and had an illegal value, then INFO = -i.

🦋 FURTHER DETAILS 🦋

The matrix Q is represented as a product of elementary reflectors

Q = H(ia+k-1)' H(ia+k-2)' . . . H(ia)', where k = min(m,n).

Each H(i) has the form

H(i) = I - tau * v * v'

where tau is a complex scalar, and v is a complex vector with v(1:i-1) = 0 and v(i) = 1; conjg(v(i+1:n)) is stored on exit in A(ia+i-1,ja+i:ja+n-1), and tau in TAU(ia+i-1).

not me explaining reflectors like it's a group chat. it's giving numerical linear algebra AND main character energy. 👑

and that's the whole page, bestie — no notes left behind, every flag, every bound, every LOCr where it belongs. 🫶

this was PCGELQ2(l) from the LAPACK routine manual, LAPACK version 1.5, dated 12 May 1997. iconic behavior honestly. go forth and factor. 🌈✨

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